太湖地区全沉积物毒性识别评估研究  

Toxicity identification evaluation(TIE) on the whole sediments collected from Taihu Lake,China

作　　者：曾毅[1] 钟文珏[1] 祝凌燕[1] 刘楠楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]教育部环境污染过程与基准重点实验室,天津城市生态环境修复与污染防治重点实验室,南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2012年第8期1234-1241,共8页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07526-003);科技部支撑项目(2009BAC60B01)资金支持

摘　　要：本研究用淡水单孔蚓(Monopylephorus limosus)和铜锈环棱螺(Bellamya aeruginosa)作为受试生物,对太湖沉积物的毒性进行筛查,采用全沉积物毒性识别评估(TIE)技术描述和鉴定太湖沉积物的主要毒性来源(重金属、氨氮或非极性有机物).通过初始毒性实验筛选出4个对铜锈环棱螺具有毒性和1个对淡水单孔蚓具有毒性的沉积物样点.通过TIE,对于铜锈环棱螺,高风险点T6的毒性来源是非极性有机物和重金属;对于淡水单孔蚓,高风险点T12的毒性来源是非极性有机物、氨氮、重金属.T6和T12中4种多环芳烃(苯并[b+k]荧蒽、苊、二氢苊、茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘)是非极性有机物中产生生物毒性的来源之一,而Pb是T6和T12中产生毒性的主要重金属.Monopylephorus limosus and Bellamya aeruginosa were used to screen the sediment toxicity in Taihu Lake. Whole sediment toxicity identification evaluation （TIE） technique was applied to characterize and identify the toxicity sources, including heavy metals, ammonia and non-polar organic pollutants. Four sediments displayed significant toxicity to Bellamya aeruginosa, while one sediment displayed toxicity to Monopylephorus limosus. Through three manipulations, the toxicity sources of these sediments were analyzed and identified. For Bellamya aeruginosa test, non-polar organics and metals were the toxicity source of the sediment T6, and for Monopylephorus limosus test, non-polar organic, metals and ammonia were the toxicity sources of T12. Four polyaromatic hydrocarbons （benzo[b＋k]fluoranthene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene） in T6 and T12 were the major toxicity sources caused by non-polar organics, and Pb was the most dominate metal causing toxicity of the sediments of T6 and T12.

关 键 词：毒性识别评估 全沉积物 太湖 重金属 氨氮 非极性有机物 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]