荔枝花果期树干液流特征的研究  

Characteristics of stem sap flow of Litchi during flowering and early fruiting

作　　者：凡超 邱燕萍 李志强 袁沛元 

机构地区：[1]广东省农科院果树研究所/农业部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2012年第16期38-42,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-33-12)

摘　　要：为了给荔枝园的适时、适位和适量节水灌溉技术提供理论基础和技术指导,需要准确了解荔枝树蒸腾耗散过程,理解其对水分的吸收利用机制。利用热扩散式液流探针(TDP)对广州市桂味荔枝在3～5月的树干液流变化特征及其与主要气象因子间的关系进行了研究,结果表明:(1)荔枝树干液流速率呈现"昼高夜低"的变化特征。(2)在不同气象条件下,荔枝树干液流速率变化规律并不一致。晴天或多云天气下,荔枝树干液流速率的变化为单峰曲线;阴雨天气下荔枝树干液流速率的变化大多为多峰曲线,且晴天或多云时的液流速率大于阴雨天的液流速率。(3)不同月份树干液流速率变化存在差异,3月份荔枝树干平均液流速率显著低于4月和5月,4月份荔枝树干平均液流速率峰值出现时间比5月早。(4)荔枝树干液流速率与气象因子之间存在良好的相关性。树干液流与太阳光照度和空气温度呈正相关关系,与空气相对湿度呈负相关关系。In order to guide the irrigation at right time, suitable amount and proper place and provide a theorelical basis and the technical guidance, it is important to understand transpiration process and mechanism of water uptake and use in the Litchi tree. The trunk stem sap flow characteristics and the relation to meteorological factors of ＇ Gui Wei＇ Litchi in Guangzhou were studied by using TDP method in March to May. The results indicated that： （1）The diurnal variation of sap flow displayed a typical wave form characteristic. The sap flow flux in daytime was higher than that in nighttime. （2）In different weather conditions, sap flow rate changes of litchi trunk were not consistent, In sunny or cloudy weather conditions, the sap flow rate changes of Litchi trunk was the single-peak curve. In the overcast or rainy weather conditions, the sap flow rate changes of Litchi trunk was the multi-peak curve. And the sap flow rate in sunny or cloudy weather condition was greater than that in rainy weather conditions.（3）The changes of trunk sap flow rate in different months were differently. The average sap flow rate in March was significantly lower than that in April and May, and the peak time of the average sap flow rate appeared in April was earlier than that in May. （4）There was a postive correlation between thd sap flow fate, illuminance and air temperature, and a negative correlation between the sap flow rate and relative humidity.

关 键 词：桂味荔枝 气象因子 树干液流速率 热扩散法 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]