机构地区:[1]温州市第三人民医院ICU,325000 [2]温州市第三人民医院感染管理科,325000
出 处:《中华临床感染病杂志》2012年第4期210-214,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases
摘 要:目的分析重症监护病房(ICU)呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)患者下呼吸道分离病原菌的分布及耐药性。方法回顾性分析2008年7月—2011年12月温州市第三人民医院综合性ICU接受有创机械通气治疗的1324例患者的临床资料。根据患者发生VAP的时间将其分为早发性VAP(EOP,于气管插管后4d内发生)和晚发性VAP(LOP,气管插管4d后发生)。采用,检验和t检验比较2组患者下呼吸道分离的病原菌构成和药敏结果等。结果1324例患者中,552例发生VAP,发生率为41.7%,其中EOP患者74例(5.6%),LOP患者382例(28.9%),二者均发生96例(7.3%)。EOP患者分离前6位的病原菌分别为鲍曼不动杆菌(72株,22.6%)、铜绿假单胞菌(45株,14.1%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(32株,10.0%)、白假丝酵母菌(31株,9.7%)、洋葱伯克霍尔德菌(31株,9.7%)和金黄色葡萄球菌(28株,8.8%);LOP患者分离前6位的病原菌分别为鲍曼不动杆菌(235株,21.2%)、白假丝酵母菌(201株,18.1%)、铜绿假单胞菌(111株,10.0%)、光滑假丝酵母菌(86株,7.8%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(81株,7.3%)和金黄色葡萄球菌(46株,4.2%)。其中,EOP患者金黄色葡萄球菌的分离率明显高于LOP患者(∥=10.780,P=0.002),而白假丝酵母菌的分离率明显低于LOP患者(X2=12.907,P=0.000)。无论EOP还是LOP患者,革兰阴性杆菌(特别是鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌)的耐药形势均较为严重;金黄色葡萄球菌中大部分为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(EOP患者:67.9%,19/28;LOP患者:63.o%,29/46);真菌中的白假丝酵母菌和光滑假丝酵母菌对目前临床常用抗真菌药物的敏感性较好。结论EOP与LOP患者下呼吸道分离的菌株均以革兰阴性菌为主,菌株耐药形势不容乐观。Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens isolated from lower respiratory tracts of early onset and late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) patients in intensive care unit. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on data collected from 1324 patients admitted to the ICU in the Third People' s Hospital in Wenzhou from July 2008 to December 2011 who received invasive mechanical ventilation. Patients were divided into early-onset pneumonia group (EOP, ≤ 4 d mechanical ventilation ) and late-onset pneumonia group (LOP, 〉 4 d mechanical ventilation) .X2 or t test was performed to compare the pathogen distribution and antimicrobial resistance between two groups. Results In 1324 patients, 552 (41.7%) suffered from VAP, including 74 (5.6%) patients with EOP, 382 (28.9%) patients with LOP, and 96 (7.3%) patients with both EOP and LOP.The top 6 pathogens in EOP group were Acinetobacter baumannii (72, 22.6% ) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa (45, 14. 1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (32, 10. 0%), Canidia albicans (31, 9. 7% ), Burkholderia cepacia (31, 9. 7% ) and Staphyloccocus aureus (28, 8. 8% ); and in LOP group were Acinetobacter baumannii (235, 21.2% ), Canidia albicans (201, 18.1% ), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 111, 10.0% ), Candida glabrata (86, 7. 8% ), Klebsiella pneumoniae (81, 7. 3% ) and Staphyloccocus aureus (46, 4. 2% ). Staphylococcus aureus infection in EOP group was more common than that in the LOP group (X^2 = 10. 780, P = 0. 002), but the separation rate of Candida albicans in EOP group was significantly lower than that in the LOP group (X^2 = 12.907, P =0. 000). Gram-negative bacteria isolated from EOP or LOP group were both highly resistant to most commonly used antibacterial agents, especially for Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Most Staphyloccocus aureus strains were methicillin-resistant strains (EOP: 67.9%, 19/28; LOP: 63.0%, 29/46).
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...