盐水灌溉对7属11种暖季型草坪草生长的影响及抗盐性差异  

Effects of saline water irrigation on growth of 7 genera and 11 species of warm season turfgrasses and their salinity tolerance difference

作　　者：陈静波[1] 褚晓晴[2] 李珊[2] 宗俊勤[1] 王丹[1] 刘建秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所南京中山植物园,江苏南京210014 [2]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《草业科学》2012年第8期1185-1192,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家青年科学基金项目(31101567);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B09);江苏省特色观赏植物资源收集;开发和服务体系建设项目(BM2009905)

摘　　要：以7属11种13份暖季型草坪草为材料,通过采用土培结合盐水(20g.L-1 NaCl)灌溉的方法,研究了其营养器官对盐胁迫的生长反应及抗盐性差异。结果表明,除结缕草(Zoysia japonica)‘Z080’的冠层干质量外,盐胁迫显著抑制了草坪草的地上部分(叶片枯黄率、枝叶修剪干质量、冠层干质量和地上部分总干质量)生长。盐胁迫下,具有地下茎的草除对盐非常敏感的巴哈雀稗(Paspalum notatum)‘Pan1’死亡外,其他草生长受到促进或影响不显著。盐胁迫对根系的影响比较复杂,对盐非常敏感的草种如巴哈雀稗‘Pan1’、假俭草(Eremochloa ophiu-roides)‘Tifbliar’和‘E126’的根系已经死亡,抗盐性较弱的草种如牛鞭草(Hemarthria sibirica)‘H001’和双穗雀稗(P.distichum)‘P011’的根系生长受到抑制,而其余抗盐强或中等的草种根系生长受到促进或不受影响。同一指标在盐胁迫下草种间的变异很大,说明草种间存在较大的抗盐性变异。根据主要指标的平均隶属函数值,13份草坪草的相对抗盐性为海雀稗(P.vaginatum)‘Adalayd’>沟叶结缕草(Z.matrella)‘Diamond’>结缕草‘Z080’>钝叶草(Stenotaphrum secundatum)‘S004’>狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)‘南京’>结缕草‘兰引3号’>杂交狗牙根(C.transvaalensis×C.dactylon)‘Tifway’>双穗雀稗‘P011’>野牛草(Buchloe dactyloides)‘B003’>牛鞭草‘H001’>巴哈雀稗‘Pan1’>假俭草‘Tifbliar’>假俭草‘E126’。土培法的相对抗盐评价结果基本上与水培法一致。This experiment was conducted to study the growth response and salinity tolerance difference of 13 warm season turfgrasses, belonging to 7 genera and 11 species, to saline water irrigation （20 g I. NaC1） combined with soil culture. The results showed that leaf firing percentage was increased and above- ground growth （including total shoot clipping weight, dry crown weight and total above-ground weight） was significantly reduced in all turfgrasses under salinity stress except dry crown weight of ＇ Z080＇ zoysia- grass（Zoysia japonica）. Rhizome growth was promoted or unaffected by salinity stress in most turfgrass- es except very salt-sensitive ＇ Panl＇ bahiagrass （Paspalum notaturn ）. Root growth response was more diverse among turfgrasses. Roots had died in some very salt-sensitive turfgrasses [（＇Pan1＇ bahiagrass, ＇Tifbliar＇ and ＇E126＇ centipedegrass（Eremochloa ophiuroides）]. Root weight was decreased in some less salt-tolerance turfgrasses [（ ＇P011 ＇ knotgrass （P. distichurn） and ＇ H001 ＇ limpograss（ Hemarthria sibiri- ca）I, and promoted or unaffected in other turfgrasses with high or intermediate tolerance. The significant difference of same index among turfgrasses indicated that there were significant salinity tolerance differ- ences in these turfgrasses. Salinity tolerance decreased in the following order according to the method of subordinate function.. ＇ Adalayd＇ seashore paspalum （P. vaginatum） D＇ Diamond ~ manilagrass （Z. matrel- la^Z080＇ Japanese zoysiagrass^S004＇ St. Augustinegrass （Stenotaphrurn secundatum）~＇Nan]ing＇ common bermudagrass （Cynodon dactylon ） D＇ Lanyin 3 ＇ Japanese zoysiagrass~＇ Tifway＇ Hybrid bermud- agrass （ C. transvaalensis X C. dactylon ） ~〉 ＇ P011 ＇ knotgrass D ＇ B003 ＇ buffalo grass （ Buchloe dactyloides）＇HO01 ＇ limpograssD ＇ Pan1 ＇ bahiagrass ＇ Tifbliar＇ centipedegrassT〉 ＇ E126 ＇ centipedegrass. Relative salinity tolerance in the soil culture experiment

关 键 词：暖季型草坪草 盐胁迫 生长反应 抗盐性差异 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]