早产儿视网膜病相关危险因素分析  

Risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity

作　　者：董世霄[1] 刘红[1] 齐宇洁[1] 靳绯[1] 李耿[1] 翁景文[1] 沈艳华[1] 吴海兰[1] 钱素云[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院新生儿中心,北京100045 [2]首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院ICU,北京100045

出　　处：《中华急诊医学杂志》2012年第8期869-873,共5页Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨北京儿童医院NICU收治行早产儿视网膜病（retinopathy of prematurity，ROP）现患率及早产儿发生ROP的相关危险因素。方法对2007年11月至2010年12月人住首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院NICU符合ROP筛查标准的患儿，进行ROP筛查共650例。筛查阳性患儿作为ROP组，筛查阴性组作为对照组。对两组患儿的孕周、出生体质量、日龄、母亲孕产情况、患JL@i床情况、治疗情况及花费相关资料进行统计分析。计数资料采用Fisher＇s精确概率及x。检验，并对两组患儿资料行Logistic回归分析，得出ROP相关危险因素。结果NICU早产儿中ROP的现患率为5．38％（35／650）。两组孕周比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．387），出生体质量比较ROP组体质量偏低（P=0．045），日龄比较ROP组高于对照组（P=0．013）。两组呼吸暂停及早期贫血发生率ROP组高于对照组（P值分别为0．01和0．00）；住院天数、应用NCPAP辅助呼吸及抗感染治疗天数ROP组长于对照组（P值分别为0．002，0．000和0．000）；ROP组患儿住院费用明显高于对照组。Logistic回归结果显示孕周相当早产儿中，氧疗及感染是ROP发生的危险因素。结论北京儿童医院NICU早产儿中ROP的现患率为5．38％，孕周相当早产儿中，氧疗及感染是ROP发生的危险因素。Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors in retinopathy of prematurity （ROP） at matched gestational age. Methods Data collected by the medical records of neonates from November 2007 to December 2010 in our neonatal database were analyzed. Patients＇information was recorded from birth to discharge from NICU. Data included age after birth （ hours）, gestational age, body weight at birth, treatment, and maternal demographics. The statistical study was carried out by SPSS version 13.0 software. Mann - Whitney U test was used for numerate data. Fisher exact probability test and Pearson chi - square test were used to compare quantitative variables between independent groups. P values were considered significant when they were less than 0. 05 （ two - sided）. Results The incidence of ROP was 5. 38%. Gestational age of ROP group and control group was matched （P = 0. 387）, but difference in body weight at birth was significant （ P = 0. 045 ）. Age after birth was significantly different （ P -- 0. 013 ）. Apnea and anemia were significantly different between two groups （P 〈 0. O1 ）. The differences in duration of hospitalization, NCPAP and use of antibiotics between two groups were significant （P 〈 0. 002, 0. 000 and 0. 000, respectively）. ROP group differed from control group greatly in hospitalization expenses. Multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that oxygen supplementation （ P = 0. 0237 ） and infection （ P = O. 0118） were risk factors of ROP. Conclusions The incidence of ROP in NICU in Beijing Children＇s Hospital was 5. 38%. Inhalation of oxwen supplementation and infection were risk factors of ROP.

关 键 词：早产儿 早产儿视网膜病 危险因素 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]