带状种植小麦带型—群体—产量相关规律的研究  

Studies on Correlation of Strip Type, Population and Yield in Wheat

作　　者：赵秉强[1] 余松烈[1] 李凤超[1] 于振文[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《作物学报》2000年第3期278-284,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：山东省"三○"工程子专题基金;山东农业大学博士基金资助项目

摘　　要：本研究在高产田条件下 ,选用中穗型冬小麦品种泰 876161,在留有 70 cm间套行条件下 ,研究了带状种植小麦的带型—群体—产量相关规律。主要结果是 :( 1)带状小麦同常规方式 ,在精量播种下获得高产。大播量、大群体栽培减产。 ( 2 )带状小麦实播面积下降 ,最优群体产量较常规方式最优产量减产。带型愈窄 ,实播面积愈少 ,减产幅度愈大。但带状小麦具有较高的土地利用效益。 ( 3)带状小麦随带型 ( x)由窄变宽 ,产量呈 y=ax+b的形式提高。 ( 4 )带状小麦边行产量因带型、群体变化的变异较小。但内行产量随带型 ( x)加宽 ,行产量 ( y)下降 ,下降趋势可拟合为 y=ax+b形式。产量下降的主要原因是穗数减少。内行小麦大群体下产量显著下降。 ( 5)带状小麦不仅边行可以一定程度地弥补因留间套行少种所造成的产量负效应 ,而且内行小麦也有群体增产补偿作用。On a fertile land, a winter wheat cultivar with medium spike size Tai 876161 was chosen, strip planting wheat with a 70 cm uncropped space and different cropping covered width was designed and the correlation of strip type seed rate yield was studied. The main results are as follows: (1) The high yield of strip planting wheat just as the conventional planting pattern is based on the technique of smaller seed rate and intensive cultivation and the large seed rate cultivation leads to yield drop. (2) Due to less coverage, the peak yields of strip wheat are lower than that of the conventional pattern, and the narrower the strip, the smaller the coverage, thus the bigger drop the yield. However, strip wheat has a higher land utilization ratio. (3) The yield per 667 m 2(y) would increase with the strip width getting wider, and the correlation between strip width(x) yield(y) could be fitted with a reeiprocal equation y =a x +b. (4) The border single row yield of strip wheat differs slightly with various strip types and seed rates. Yet the inner single row yield(y)decreases as the strip width(x)getting wider, mainly due to the single row spike number drop, and the correlation could be fitted with y =a x +b. The yield of inner row decreases markedly under high seed rate cultivation. (5) Not only the edge superiority of strip wheat could make up the yield loss, but the inner rows also have a yield compensation effect.

关 键 词：冬小麦 播种密度 播种方式 带型 产量 群体质量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]