塔里木沙漠公路防护林咸水灌溉土壤盐渍化状况研究  

SOIL SALINIZATION OF THE WINDBREAK FOREST BELTS IRRIGATED WITH SALINE WATER ALONGSIDE THE TARIM DESERT HIGHWAY

作　　者：王永东[1] 李生宇[1] 徐新文[1] 雷加强[1] 金小军[1,2,3] 闫健[3] 王强[3] 邸鲲[3] 彭慧清[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]中国石油天然气股份有限公司塔里木油田分公司,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《土壤学报》2012年第5期886-891,共6页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41030530);国家自然科学基金青年项目(40701098);中国科学院"西部之光博士专项"项目(XBBS200908;XBBS200904)共同资助

摘　　要：为了研究塔里木沙漠公路防护林建林后土壤在咸水灌溉条件下的盐渍化状态,本文通过对塔里木沙漠公路防护林建林后沿线土壤盐分分布状况的监测,结合防护林建林前土壤盐分状况普查资料,运用统计分析、相关性分析及灰色关联分析,对防护林沿线的40个监测点的土壤盐离子、土壤盐渍化的现状及驱动力作了初步研究。研究结果表明:塔里木沙漠公路防护林建成后,土壤盐分各离子含量均较建成前有了显著增加,其中,阳离子含量Na++K+>Mg2+>Ca2+,阴离子含量Cl->CO23->SO24->HCO3-;防护林沿线土壤盐渍化类型以氯化物型与硫酸盐-氯化物型为主,分别占到监测点的84.2%与15.8%;有近81.6%的监测点已达到中度盐渍化程度;灰色关联分析结果表明,引起塔里木沙漠公路防护林土壤盐渍化的主要驱动力依次是灌溉年限、地下水矿化度,地下水pH和地下水埋深。Soil salinization is one of the primary environmental problems, which affects sustainable development of the windbreak forest belts alongside the Tarim Desert Highway. In order to study soil salinization caused by irrigation with saline water of the windbreak forest belts along the Highway since their establishment, distribution of soil salts under the forest belts was investigated. By utilizing the data collected during the soil salt survey before the establishment of the forest belts, the methods of statistical analysis, correlation analysis and grey relational analysis were adopted in the primary study of soil salt ions, status quo of soil salinization and its driving force in the 40 monitoring posts distributed alongside the highway. Results show that after the establishment of the windbreak forest belts, the contents of various salt ions increased significantly in the soil, with cations showing a decreasing order of Na＋＋K＋〉Mg^2＋〉Ca^2＋ in content and anions one of C1- 〉 CO23- 〉 SO24- 〉 HCO2-. Soil salinization in the forest belts was dominated by Chloride and Sulfate-chloride, which accounted for 84.2% and 15.8% , respectively, of the monitoring posts. About 81.6% of the monitoring posts reported moderate soil salinization. The grey relational analysis reveals that irrigation history is the major driving force of soil salin- ization in the forest belts and is then followed by mineralization, pH and water table of the ground water.

关 键 词：塔里木沙漠公路 防护林 咸水灌溉 土壤盐渍化 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]