碳纤维在高温下的结构、性能演变研究  

Evolution of the Structure and Performance of Carbon Fibers at High Temperatures

作　　者：冯志海[1] 李同起[1] 杨云华[1] 杨晓光[1] 李秀涛[1] 徐樑华[2] 吕春祥[3] 

机构地区：[1]航天材料及工艺研究所先进功能复合材料技术重点实验室,北京100076 [2]北京化工大学,北京100029 [3]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所,山西太原030001

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2012年第8期7-14,32,共9页Materials China

摘　　要：针对碳纤维在碳/碳烧蚀防热复合材料中应用的基础问题,论述了不同碳纤维结构、成分、表面特征,及其力学性能和热物理性能的高温演变规律,揭示了碳纤维灰分含量对碳纤维力学性能和热氧化性能的影响。确定了在碳/碳复合材料复合成型过程中,碳纤维结构受基体碳影响的变化规律和碳纤维表面特征对碳/碳材料宏观力学性能的影响。阐明了碳/碳复合材料中碳纤维的力学性能对纤维发生折断烧蚀的阻碍作用和通过控制碳/碳成型最高温度实现提高性能的途径。To resolve the basic application problems of carbon fibers in ablative heat protection composites, the high temperature revolution of the structures, elemental contents and surface features of carbon fibers were discussed and their mechanical and thermal physical properties were also given. The influence of ash content on the mechanical and anti-oxidation properties of carbon fibers was disclosed. The microstructure development of carbon fibers, influenced by carbon matrix, was determined during the formation process of C/C composites. The mechanical performance of C/C composite was influenced by the surface features of the carbon fibers used as the raw materials. The carbon fibers with high mechanical performance can prevent their fracture during ablation. By control the maximum heat-treat temperature during the man- ufacture of C/C composites, their mechanical performance can be increased.

关 键 词：碳纤维 烧蚀防热 复合材料 碳/碳 

分 类 号：TQ342.74[化学工程—化纤工业]