基于移动窗口法的水电开发影响下景观格局梯度分析  

Gradient Analysis of Landscape Pattern Affected by Hydroelectric Station Based on Moving Window Method

作　　者：刘琦[1] 刘世梁[1] 赵清贺[1] 王聪[1] 邓丽[1] 杨珏婕[1] 董世魁[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《山地学报》2012年第5期628-635,共8页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目;环保公益项目;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助~~

摘　　要：基于GIS技术,利用移动窗口法对漫湾水电站建设前后上下游的景观格局改变进行梯度分析,这对于确定梯级水电开发的生态效应及影响范围具有现实意义。结果表明:1974—2004年30 a中,由于梯级水电站的建设,漫湾电站上下游河岸景观格局随与大坝距离的增加呈现不同的梯度变化,上游距离电站0～10 km内景观破碎化程度、景观多样性程度、景观丰富度最大,11～30 km内有所降低,31～38 km内由于上游小湾电站建设使景观格局所受干扰增强。通过上下游景观格局变化对比表明:0～10 km内,漫湾水电开发对大坝上游的景观格局的影响大于下游,下游10 km之外,景观格局的变化因素具有不确定性,退耕还林政策的实施对其影响很大。Based on GIS technology and by using moving window method, We carried out gradient analysis of up- stream and downstream landscape pattern before and after the construction of Manwan hydropower station. Practi- cally,it is important to quantify the ecological effect and influential range of cascade hydropower development. The results showed that in the 30 years of 1974--2004, as distance to the dam increased the upstream and downstream landscape pattern presented different gradient change because of the construction cascade hydroelectric station. Within 0 ~ 10 km upstream from the power plant, the index of landscape fragmentation, landscape diversity and landscape richness were the largest. There was a slight decrease in all indexes within 11 ~ 30 km. Due to the con- struction of Xiaowan hydropower station upstream, the landscape pattern within 31 ~ 38 km upstream affected great- ly. In addition, through the comparison of upstream and downstream change, it shows that the influence on land- scape pattern caused by construction of Manwan hydropower station within 0 ~ 10 km in the upstream is greater than that in downstream. Although the factors resulting in landscape pattern changes of downstream outside 10 km dis- tance is uncertain, the implementation of the policy of ＂Returning farmland to forest＂ may influence to a great ex- tent.

关 键 词：移动窗口法 梯度分析 景观格局 漫湾电站 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]