矿井冲击地压发生机理及简化力学模型  

Mechanism and Simplified Mechanics Model of Mine Pressure Bumping Occurred

作　　者：赵洪宝[1,2] 潘卫东[1,2] 汪昕[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)资源与安全工程学院,北京100083 [2]煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2012年第9期77-79,83,共4页Coal Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51004110;51004109);国家自然科学基金重点项目(51034005);煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLCRSM09KFB09);中国矿业大学(北京)基本科研业务费专项基金项目(2009QZ03)

摘　　要：以煤矿主要动力灾害之一的冲击地压为研究对象,通过对其特点及易于发生冲击地压区域特点的分析,认为易于发生冲击地压的区域普遍存在应力集中现象,将之划分为三个区域。认为存在的不均衡应力集中和采矿工作产生的扰动是冲击地压启动的条件,而造成煤岩变形局部化的内因主要是应力集中的不均衡性;不均衡的应力集中导致的煤岩体内弹性能的集聚为冲击地压的发生提供了能量;弹性能释放的逐渐衰竭和处于原岩应力状态的应力平衡特性,导致了冲击地压的停止;提出了一种简化的冲击地压力学模型,运用该模型可以解释冲击地压的发生、发展、停止及其造成的煤岩变形局部化等特点。Base on the mine pressure bumping, one of the main dynamic disasters in the mine as the study object, with the analysis on the features and the regional features of the mine pressure bumping easy occurred, the paper held that the region easy to have the mine pressure bumping occurred generally would have the stress concentration phenomenon and the region could be divided into three areas. The paper held that the existed imbalanced stress concentration and the turbulences occurred by the mining operations would be the conditions to cause the mine pressure bumping and the internal causes to cause the coal and rock deformation locally mainly would be the imbalance of the stress concentration. The aggregation of the elastic energy in the coal and rock mass caused by the imbalanced stress concentration would provide the energy to cause the mine pressure bumping. The steady failure of the elastic energy released and the stress balance features of the in - situ rock stress status could cause the stop of the mine pressure bumping. The paper proposed a simplified mechanics model of the mine pressure bumping. The model applied could explain the occurrence, development, stop, the local coal and rock deformation and other features of the mine pressure bumping.

关 键 词：冲击地压 应力集中 力学模型 

分 类 号：TD324.1[矿业工程—矿井建设]