退休煤矿工人肺功能动态观察  

Dynamic Observation on Pulmonary Function in Retired Miners

作　　者：张敏[1] 朱丽瑾[1] 冯玲芳[1] 陈钧强[1] 蒋兆强[1] 余珉[1] 张幸[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省医学科学院劳动卫生与职业病研究室,杭州市310013

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2012年第10期1502-1502,1511,共2页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：卫生部卫生行业科研专项项目(200902006);浙江省医学支撑学科劳动卫生学(11-ZC02);浙江省自然科学基金(Y2090518);浙江省科技厅重大科技专项(2008C13029-2)

摘　　要：目的研究退休煤工尘肺患者肺通气功能损害及其变化规律。方法对某矿36名退休煤工人分别于2005年和2010年进行通气功能测定和高仟伏胸片拍摄。结果动态分析结果显示煤矿退休工人吸烟人数百分比由2005年25%增加到2010年66.67%,2010年用力肺活量(FVC)和第1秒时间肺活量(FEV1)平均值均和占预计值百分比与2005年相比差异无统计学意义,而2010年反应小气道功能的指标FEF50和FEF75平均值和占预计值百分比与2005年相比均有统计学意义。肺功能障碍以Ⅱ期煤工尘肺肺功能损伤明显,2010年与2005年比大气道功能障碍人数没有增加,小气道功能损伤增加7例。结论 5年期间,退休煤矿工人小气道功能明显降低,认为其小气道功能损伤是粉尘、吸烟和年龄多重因素作用的结果,小气道功能检查对评价退休煤矿工人的呼吸功能很重要。Objective To study the damage of pulmonary ventilation function and change patterns in the retired miners with pneumoconiosis. Methods Pulmonary ventilation function determination and high kilo-voltage X-ray chest film were taken from 2005 to 2010 to investigate the damage of pulmonary ventilation function in 36 retired miners with pneumocaniosis. Results The smoking rate in retired workers increased from 25% in 2005 to 66.67% in 2010. The mean and predicted values of forced vital capacity（FVC） and forced expiratory volume in one-second （FEV1） were no statistical significance between 2005 and 2010 groups. In addition, FEFSO and EFE75 were lowered both in 2005 and 2010 groups,with statistical significance. The obvious dys- function was mainly the injury on the lung function in stage 2 pneumoconiosis. Meanwhile, the number of big airways dysfunction did not increase in 2010, but small airway dysfunction was increased. Conclusion Small airway function of retired miners were significantly reduced during 5 years that result from the interaction of dust, smoking and age. The small airway function tests are very important for evaluating the pulmonary function in retired miners.

关 键 词：煤工尘肺 肺功能 X线胸片 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R816.4[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]