海上气枪震源阵列优化组合设计与应用  

Design and application of air-gun arrays in marine seismic exploration

作　　者：李绪宣 王建花 张金淼 顾汉明[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中海油研究总院,北京100027 [2]中国地质大学地球物理与空间信息学院,武汉430074 [3]中国地质大学构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室,武汉430074

出　　处：《石油学报》2012年第A01期142-148,共7页Acta Petrolei Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目"南海深水区复杂地质结构地震采集基础理论研究"(2009CB219403)资助

摘　　要：笔者基于海上气枪震源子波模拟方法,针对海上多子阵进行了大量的不同气枪阵列组合情形下的震源子波模拟试算,提出了适应深水地震勘探要求的立体多阵列和将气枪阵列的大容量气枪放置在中间位置以及交错排列两种非常规气枪阵列,所模拟的子波具有低频能量强、初泡比大、陷波点处的频谱能量强的特点。同时,把优选的立体四阵列组合和六子阵非常规阵列组合的气枪阵列在不同勘探靶区进行了野外地震采集试验,结果表明,笔者提出的优化阵列组合设计可以明显提高子波性能,所获得的地震剖面品质明显改进,深部地层的反射特征明显,清楚地展示了盆地结构、地层充填特征等,取得了良好的应用效果。Based on the simulation method of marine air gun seismic source wavelet and through a large number of seismic source wavelet simulation calculations for marine multi-subarray under different air-gun array combinations, three-dimensional multi-sub-ar- rays and two unconventional air-gun arrays （i. e. , put the high-capacity air-gun in the middle position or arrange it in staggered form in air-gun array） that are applicable for deep-water seismic exploration are proposed in this paper. The simulated wavelet is charac- terized by the strong low-frequency energy, large P/B ratio and strong spectrum energy at notch points. Furthermore, we apply the optimized air gun arrays of three dimensional four-array combination and six-subarray unconventional array combination to different exploration targets to conduct field seismic acquisition tests. Test results show that the proposed optimized array combination designs have good application results： they can significantly improve the performance of wavelet, so that the quality of seismic sections ac quired is significantly improved, reflection characteristics of deep stratum are obvious and the basin structure and strata filling char- acteristics are clearly shown.

关 键 词：气枪阵列设计 立体气枪阵列 非常规气枪阵列设计 气枪阵列震源应用 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]