浅层铝土矿采空区探测及引发的地面沉降预测  

Detection of shallow bauxite mined area and induced ground subsidence prediction

作　　者：王飞[1] 郭秀军[1,2] 杨振华 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,青岛266100 [2]海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,青岛266100 [3]山东省地矿工程勘察院,济南25100

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2012年第4期1769-1774,共6页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40706020)资助

摘　　要：以山东省淄博市某浅层铝土矿采空沉陷灾害为例,采用高密度电阻率和探地雷达技术调查采空区尺寸、范围及充填情况.然后根据探测结果构建相应地质模型,基于Biot固结理论采用有限元法预测采空区上部土层沉降量,对可能发生的沉陷灾害进行预警.研究结果显示两种物探方法相互验证,可准确确定采空区上部土层微结构、采空区边界及充填情况.对于顶部塌陷的小型采空区,沉降量计算可参考荷载作用下的土体固结过程.研究建立了一类无序开采的小型采空区探测及灾害预测方法,突出了高精度物探技术在小型采空区地质灾害调查中的重要作用.The study takes a subsidence disaster, which happened at the shallow bauxite mine in Zibo, Shandong Province, as an example, high-density resistivity method and ground-penetrating radar technology were used to identify the size of the gob area, distribution range and collapse situation of the roof. Then the corresponding geological model is built according to the detection results, and the finite element method is used to forecast the soil settlement of the upper gob area based on Biot＇s consolidation theory, the early warnings are made for the possible subsidence disaster. The results of this research show that the two geophysical prospecting methods are reciprocally authenticated, and can identify the soil microstructure of the upper gob area, the boundary and the collapse situation of the roof exactly. For small gob area of the roof collapse, the settlement can be calculated by referring to the soil consolidation process under load. The research establishes the detection and disaster prediction methods for a type of small disordered exploitation gob areas, highlight the important role of the high-precision geophysical detection technology in the investigation of geological disasters happened at small gob areas.

关 键 词：采空区 高密度电阻率法 探地雷达 沉降量计算 稳定性评价 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]