不同驱鸟情景模式对果园害鸟行为的影响  

Influence of different bird-driving modes on the behaviors of orchard pest birds

作　　者：胡灿实[1] 李海洋[1] 叶元兴[1] 陈丽霞[1] 张肖[1] 赵欣如[2] 吴文彪[3] 丁长青[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083 [2]北京师范大学,北京100875 [3]国家农业信息化工程技术研究中心,北京100097

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2012年第9期2365-2370,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2007AA10Z2402)资助

摘　　要：为评估鸣声驱鸟技术在林果生产中的应用效果,于2009年5月在北京市海淀区的樱桃果园,选取苍鹰(Accipiter gentilis)鸣叫、喜鹊(Pica pica)惊叫和灰喜鹊(Cyanopica cy-ana)惊叫,构建3种不同驱鸟情景模式;并于2010年4-5月在室内对果园主要害鸟(喜鹊和灰喜鹊)进行个体适应性测试。配对样本t检验结果显示:播放苍鹰鸣叫显著降低果园内喜鹊的数量(P<0.05),并且对灰喜鹊和麻雀(Passer montanus)数量的降低具有倾向性显著效果;不同驱鸟情景模式下,果园害鸟会选择不同的防御行为。在实际运用过程中,应该采用综合防治方法,权衡经济投入-产出比,并建立驱鸟效果评估机制,最终达到驱赶果园害鸟的目的。Playing back bird calls is an effective and noninvasive way to drive pest birds away from farms and orchards, and widely used in agriculture and fruit industry. However, little attention has been paid to assess the bird-driving effect of playing back bird calls and the bird response behaviors. In order to evaluate the effect of playing back bird calls on driving orchard pest birds, three bird-driving modes with playing back Accipiter gentilis calls, Pica pica scared calls, and Cyanopica cyana scared calls were set up in two cherry orchards in Haidian District of Beijing in May 2009, and an indoor experiment was conducted from April to May, 2010 to examine the behavioral responses of the individuals of two main pest birds P. pica and C. cyana. The playback of A. gentilis calls could significantly reduce the population of P. pica in the cherry orchards （P〈0.05）, and scare the C. cyana and Passer montanus. The pest birds had different behaviors to respond different bird-driving modes, and thus, it would be necessary to adopt comprehensive techniques and measure cost-profit efficiency, and to establish effective assessment mechanism in pest bird control management.

关 键 词：果园害鸟 鸣声驱鸟 行为应答 

分 类 号：S441[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]