黑河中游甘州区居民文化类型及其对自然环境的认知  

Resident Culture Values and Natural Environment Perception in Ganzhou District in the Middle Reaches of Heihe River

作　　者：钟方雷[1] 尹小娟[1] 徐中民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2012年第4期972-982,共11页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(91125019);国家自然科学青年基金项目(40901292);国家自然科学基金面上项目(40971291)资助

摘　　要：人的行为受文化价值观影响,辨明居民不同文化类型及影响因素,探讨不同文化类型居民的自然环境认知特征,无疑是人地系统中人文因素作用研究的基础性问题.综述了文化人类学中格-群文化理论及其在不同领域的广泛应用;开发调查问卷并对甘州区进行了实证调查,初步判定了15个乡镇居民不同文化类型的比例,分析了年龄、教育程度、收入等因素对文化类型的影响,验证了甘州区各文化类型居民对自然环境认知的特征与理论分析的相符程度.结果表明:在三类判定准则下,甘州区居民文化类型有效判定比例分别为总调查样本的30.94%,30.39%及54.70%,各种文化类型比例由高到低分别为宿命论者、等级主义者、个人主义者与平均主义者.年龄等居民个体特征因素对文化类型的影响符合理论假设,可初步解释居民不同文化类型的形成.实际调查获得的不同文化类型居民对自然环境的认知特征及偏好,符合格-群文化理论对各文化类型居民的理论分析假设,这验证了格-群文化理论在西北干旱区内陆河流域的适用与有效性.在此基础上探讨了关注居民文化类型差异对自然资源管理政策制定和实施的借鉴意义.The behavior of people is affected by cultural values.Identifying different culture values and influence factors of people and discussing natural environment perception of residents with various cultural values are undoubtedly the basic issues of human factors in human-earth system.In this article,grid-group cultural theory of cultural anthropology and its wide application in different fields are reviewed.A social investigation with questionnaires was developed in Ganzhou District,the proportions of cultural patterns of 15 townships’ resident preliminarily were assessed,the impacts of age,educational level,income and other factors on culture values were analyzed,and the characteristics of natural environment perception of residents with different cultural values in Ganzhou District were verified.The results show that with three types of evaluation criteria,the effective determined proportions of culture values for the residents in Ganzhou District were 30.94%,30.39% and 54.70%,and the proportion of various cultural values from high to low were fatalist,hierarchical,individualist and egalitarian.Impacts of age and other individual characteristics on culture values are consistent with theoretical assumptions,so one can explain the initial formation of different cultural types of people.Natural environment perception and preference of people with different cultural values are in line with the hypothesis of grid-group culture theory,which validates the application and effectiveness of grid-group cultural theory in the arid inland basin of Northwest China.Finally,it is suggested that concerning different culture values of people is significant for making natural resource management policy.

关 键 词：居民文化类型判定 自然环境认知 影响因素 格群文化理论 甘州区 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]