东江流域典型乡镇饮用水源地重金属污染健康风险评价  

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Typical Township Water Sources in Dongjiang River Basin

作　　者：王若师[1,2] 许秋瑾[3] 张娴[1] 魏群山[1] 颜昌宙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所,厦门361021 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学》2012年第9期3083-3088,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家环保公益性行业科研专项(200909054);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-Q02-01)

摘　　要：为阐明东江流域典型乡镇饮用水源地重金属污染物的分布特征与风险水平,对研究区域内9个区县45个水样中的常规水质指标和铁、铜、锰、锌、砷、铬、汞、铅、镉等金属污染物浓度进行了分析检测,并应用美国环境保护署推荐的环境健康风险评价模型,对不同类型的水源地进行了健康风险评价.结果表明,该研究区域的金属致癌风险较高,其中最高的致癌风险来自水库中的铬,成人和儿童分别达到1.14×10-4.a-1和2.14×10-4.a-1,江河、水库和地下水的金属总致癌风险超过了ICRP推荐的可接受风险水平5.0×10-5.a-1;该区域金属非致癌风险较低,均在EPA推荐的可接受范围内.该研究区域金属污染物的优先控制顺序为铬>砷>铅>铁>锌,饮用水源地的风险值排序为水库>江河>地下水>山泉.In order to clarify the distribution characteristics and risk levels of heavy metals in typical drinking water sources of towns in Dongjiang River Basin,several regular water quality indexes as well as concentrations of Fe,Cu,Mn,Zn,As,Cr,Hg,Pb and Cd were analyzed in the 45 random water samples of 9 towns in the study area.The risk assessment was conducted according to different drinking water types using the environmental health risk assessment model recommended by U.S.EPA.The results indicated that the metal carcinogenic risk is relatively high in this area.The highest carcinogenic risk was from Cr in reservoir water,with the risk for adult people reaching 1.14×10^-4·a^-1 and the risk of children reaching 2.14×10^-4·a^-1.Total carcinogenic risk of reservoir,river and underground water exceeded the accepted level of 5.0×10^-5·a^-1 as suggested by ICRP while all the non-carcinogenic risk levels were within the acceptable range.The primary control sequence of metal pollution in this area was Cr〉As〉Pb〉Fe〉Zn;the risk value of different drinking water sources descended in this order： reservoir〉river〉underground water〉mountain spring.

关 键 词：重金属 饮用水 健康风险评价 致癌风险 非致癌风险 东江 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4