多格室脱氮型膜生物反应器(HMBR)运行特性研究  

Research on Performance Characteristics of Biodenitrification Hybrid Membrane Bioreactor (HMBR) with Multicell Section

作　　者：辛旺[1,2] 田智勇[2] 宋永会[2] 李法云[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学环境学院,辽宁沈阳110036 [2]中国环境科学研究院城市水环境研究室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2012年第5期363-372,共10页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07208-003);国家科技合作计划项目(2010DFB90590)

摘　　要：膜生物反应器(MBR)脱氮过程中对C/N的要求高于常规生物处理工艺,DO和C/N是影响MBR脱氮的重要因素。在传统膜生物反应器(CMBR)基础上,结合多种工艺构建了多格室脱氮型膜生物反应器(HMBR),并将其与CMBR进行对比分析。结果表明:HMBR与CMBR在CODCr和NH+4-N去除上没有显著差异;HMBR对TN的去除效果较好,平均去除率比CMBR提高了7.1%;HMBR缩短了系统的启动时间,抗冲击负荷能力增强,且系统恢复稳定速度较CMBR快。BF填料表面生物膜相比于反应器内悬浮污泥具有更好的硝化性能和脱氢酶活性,所承载的生物量占系统总生物量的50%左右,在外界水质干扰条件下,填料上所挂生物膜比悬浮活性污泥稳定性更强,增强了HMBR对氮的去除效果和系统的稳定性。HMBR可有效防止污泥膨胀的发生、减缓膜污染,系统胞外聚合物产量降低了15.3%。As a promising wastewater treatment technology, the membrane bioreactor （MBR） has higher demand in carbon-nitrogen ratio than the conventional biological treatment during denitrification, and the dissolved oxygen and carbon-nitrogen ratio are the important factors to the total nitrogen removal of MBR. Based on the conventional membrane bioreactor （CMBR）, a modified hybrid membrane bioreactor （HMBR） was designed by combining with other technologies. The performance of modified HMBR and CMBR during long-term operation was compared. The results showed that although HMBR and CMBR manifested almost the same efficacies for CODcr and NH4＋ -N removals, HMBR could improve the TN removal efficiency, which was averagely 7. 1% higher than that of CMBR, and shortened the start-up period, strengthened capabilities of shock loading resistance and showed faster speed of recovering normal. The biofilm surface of the BF had better nitrification ability and dehydrogenase activity than suspended sludge and bore half weight of total biomass of HMBR system. Under the disturbance of improper waste water, the biofilm surface of the BF showed stronger stability than suspended sludge, which enhanced the nitrogen removal ability and the stability of HMBR system. HMBR could prevent sludge bulking and slow down the pace of membrane fouling effectively and reduce about 15.3% of the extracellular polymer substances.

关 键 词：BF填料 膜生物反应器 生物膜 运行特性 脱氮 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]