文化主体的解构:“虚像”叙事——以索罗金的小说分析为例  

Deconstruction of the Cultural Subject:Narration with “Simulacre”——A Case Study of Soloukhin's Fiction

作　　者：温玉霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安外国语大学俄语系

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2012年第3期78-83,共6页Russian Literature & Arts

基　　金：陕西省教育厅项目:俄罗斯后现代主义小说研究(09JK187);陕西省哲学社会科学项目:俄罗斯后现代小说"反文化"类型研究(10K156)的阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：俄罗斯后现代作家以"虚像"阐释世界形象的荒诞和混乱,揭示社会的虚假现象。在后现代语境下,作为文化主体的"人"和"物",其身份、地位、能力和价值丧失,从"英雄"到"反英雄"、从"人"到"物",再从"物"异化为"非人非物"的"影子"。人由生命意识的"虚空"转向精神状态的"虚无",最终走向"死亡",一切都消失在由"虚像"构成的文本世界中。以索罗金为代表的俄罗斯后现代作家以非人非物的"影子"、"能指"出席、"所指"缺席、"主体死亡"的方式展示"虚像"叙事,达到解构文化主体的目的。"虚像"叙事展示了苏联解体前后整个社会的思想状况、俄罗斯民族的精神状态,表达了作者的深深担忧。＂ Simulacre＂ is used by postmodern Russian writers to interpret the absurdity and chaos of the world and to uncover false social phenomena. In the context of postmodernism, ＂human＂ and ＂thing＂ as cultural subjects lose their identity, position, ability and value. They change from ＂hero＂ to ＂anti - hero＂ , from ＂human＂ to ＂thing＂ , which is then alienated into ＂shadow＂ of being non -human, non -thing. Human beings turn from the ＂emptiness＂ of life consciousness to the ＂no ess＂ of spiritual state and move toward ＂death＂. Everything disappears into the ＂Simulacre＂ of the textual world. Postmodern Russian writers represented by Soloukhin exhibit ＂simulacre＂ narration and deconstruct the cultural subjects by means of ＂non - human＂, ＂non - thing＂ shadows, presence of the ＂signifier＂, absence as the ＂signified＂, ＂death of the subject＂, etc. Narration with ＂Simulacre＂ reflects the ideological state of the whole society before and after the decomposition of the Soviet Union, and the spiritual state of the Russian nationality and expresses the author＇s deep concern.

关 键 词：文化主体 解构 虚像 叙事 

分 类 号：I512.074[文学—其他各国文学]