小麦-玉米轮作长期肥料定位试验中土壤磷库的变化 Ⅰ.磷肥产量效应及土壤总磷库、无机磷库的变化  

Dynamics of soil P pool in a long-term fertilizing experiment of wheat maize rotation Ⅰ.Crop yield effect of fertilizer P and dynamics of soil total P and inorganic P.

作　　者：刘建玲[1] 张福锁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学植物营养系,北京100094

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2000年第3期360-364,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目!(3970 1 0 0 );河北省自然科学基金!(3971 4 1 )资助项目

摘　　要：研究了冬小麦 夏玉米→春玉米轮作中 ,长期施用磷肥、有机肥对土壤总磷库、无机磷库的影响及磷肥的产量效应 .结果表明 ,长期施用磷肥、有机肥土壤全磷、总无机磷均有不同程度的积累 ,土壤磷素的积累以无机磷为主 .根据土壤磷素的收支平衡状况 ,计算出维持土壤磷素收支平衡磷肥的临界用量 :冬小麦 夏玉米种植年份为P2 O594.7kg·hm-2 ,春玉米种植年份为P2 O55 1.5kg·hm-2 .根据肥料效应函数计算出磷肥 (P2 O5)的经济最佳、最高产量用量分别为 :冬小麦 夏玉米种植年份为 13 5 .8、14 9.8kg·hm-2 ,春玉米种植年份为 88.6、95 .9kg·hm-2 .The effects of long term applying fertilizer P and manure on the pools of soil total P and inorganic P and the crop yield in rotation of winter wheat summer maize→spring maize were studied. The results showed that the pool of soil total P and inorganic P were increased by applying fertilizer P and manure, and the phosphorus mostly accumulated in soil was inorganic P. The critical amounts of fertilizer P (P 2O 5) for balancing soil P were 94.7 kg·hm -2 to winter wheat summer maize and 51.5 kg·hm -2 to spring maize. Based on regression equations, the application rates of fertilizer P (P 2O 5) for economic optimum and highest yields were 135.8 and 149.8 kg·hm -2 to winter wheat summer maize, and 88.6 and 95.9 kg·hm -2 to spring maize, respectively.

关 键 词：磷肥效应 土壤磷库 长期定位试验 轮作 

分 类 号：S344.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]