二氧化碳矿物封存技术现状及展望  

Current status and outlook of carbon dioxide mineral carbonation technologies

作　　者：张兵兵[1] 王慧敏[1] 曾尚红[2] 苏海全[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021 [2]内蒙古大学化学化工学院内蒙古自治区煤炭化学重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《化工进展》2012年第9期2075-2083,共9页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金重大项目(2010ZD01)

摘　　要：面对温室效应带来的生态灾难,利用各种技术封存固定CO2成为了关键,CO2矿物封存是其中最环保、最安全、最永恒的CO2固定方式。本文从封存方案、反应机理及碳化原料三方面详细介绍了CO2矿物封存技术的基本原理,并全面概述了CO2矿物封存的技术路线,其中包括直接碳化路线以及以酸浸出工艺、熔盐碳化工艺、铵盐浸出工艺以及生物浸出工艺为代表的间接碳化路线。同时结合国内外研究进展分析了各种CO2矿物封存技术的优缺点及其产业化前景,并提出今后我国CO2矿物封存技术研究和发展应更加注重从资源综合利用的角度考虑,将CO2看做是廉价碳资源材料,积极推进碳捕获、利用与封存项目的实施。Facing the ecological disaster caused by greenhouse effect,the key is to seal the huge carbon dioxide using various CO2 storage technologies.Carbon dioxide mineral sequestration is one of the most environment-friendly,secure and permanent technology.This paper introduces the basic principle of CO2 mineral carbonation in terms of sequestration solutions,reaction kinetics and carbonation materials,and various process routes of CO2 mineral carbonation are described,including direct mineral carbonation and indirect mineral carbonation,such as acid extraction,molten salt process,ammonia extraction and bioleaching.Meanwhile,combined with the research and development of CO2 mineral carbonation techniques both in China and the rest of the world,the advantages and disadvantages of present researches and commercialization prospect are also discussed.Moreover,it is proposed that the next key point of research and development of CO2mineral carbonation techniques is to pay more attention to resources utilization,regarding CO2 as cheap carbon source,and promoting carbon capture,utilization and sequestration（CCUS） project.

关 键 词：二氧化碳 矿物封存 直接碳化 间接碳化 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程] TQ127.1[化学工程—无机化工]