卧龙大熊猫生境的群落结构研究  

Community structure analysis of giant panda habitat in Wolong

作　　者：欧阳志云[1] 刘建国[2] 张和民 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100080 [2]Michigan State University EastLansing [3]卧龙自然保护区大熊猫研究中心,四川汶川623006

出　　处：《生态学报》2000年第3期458-462,共5页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国自然科学基金资助!(项目编号为 :3 94 70 1 4 7) ;美国科学促进会( AAAS)及 Michigan State Uni-versity的支持

摘　　要：通过系统样方调查 ,研究了卧龙大熊猫生境的物种结构与群落特征。结果表明 ,大熊猫原始生境群落特征表现为每个样方内的物种数平均为 2 1 .57个 ,盖度为 1 .64 ,物种多样性指数为 1 .57,优势度指数 0 .3 8,最大平均树径达 79.4 cm,平均每平方米竹类生物量为 6.73 kg。大熊猫对生境的群落结构也有较广的适宜性 ,在卧龙落叶阔叶林 ,落叶 -针叶混交林及针叶林 3种植被类型均可为它的适宜生境。但生境适宜性程度及生境质量主要受森林砍伐等人类活动的影响。受人类活动的影响 ,生境的群落特征如物种数、物种多样性等指标将比原始生境高。而物种优势度 ,群落高度与最大平均树径以及重要值则下降。竹类的生物量与更新能力也表现为下降的趋势。Giant panda inhabits the cool temperate and subalpine forest in Wolong,China.The important values of the habitat were expressed as the follows:the species richness is 21.6,canopy coverage is 1.64,Shannon species diversity index is 1.57,Wilson species dominance index is 0.38,maximum DBH is 79 4cm,and biomass of bamboo is 6.73kg/m 2. In Wolong,the evergreen broad leafed forest,evergreen and deciduous broad leafed forest,deciduous broad leafed forest,coniferous and deciduous forest,subalpine coniferous forest are the suitable habitat for pandas.However,their suitability and habitat quality are influenced by deforestation.The species dominance and DBH ,as well as bamboo biomass and generation index are higher in the primary habitat than those in the disturbed habitat.The species richness and diversity of habitat are found higher in the disturbed ones.

关 键 词：大熊猫 生境结构 物种多样性 物种优势度 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]