不同因子对山药愈伤组织诱导的影响  

The influence of different factors on callus induction of Dioscorea opposita

作　　者：李明军[1] 薛建平[1] 陈明霞[1] 郭闽英 邱卫花 张嘉宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《广西植物》2000年第2期156-160,共5页Guihaia

基　　金：河南省科委和教委自然科学基金资助项目!(编号分别为 :984 0 1 0 2 0 0; 971 80 0 1 3 )

摘　　要：研究了基因型、外植体、植物激素和光暗等因子对山药愈伤组织诱导的影响。结果表明 :(1)不同基因型山药均能诱导形成愈伤组织 ,但出愈率不同 ,其排列顺序是 :“4 7号”山药 >铁棍山药 >太谷山药。 (2 )不同外植体在同一种培养基上的诱导率存在差异。同一外植体在不同植物激素浓度配比中 ,诱导率也不同。叶片、茎段、零余子的最佳激素配比均为 6 - BA2 (mg/ L,以下单位同 ) +NAA2 ,诱导率分别为 53.3%、 6 5.6 %、 10 0 % ,茎尖的最佳激素配比为 6 - BA2 +NAA0 .2 ,诱导率为 93.3%。 (3)植物激素在愈伤组织诱导过程中起关键的作用。细胞分裂素与生长素组合使用优于单一激素。二者的浓度配比不同 ,出愈率也不同。 (4 )光暗条件对不同外植体愈伤组织诱导的影响不同。暗培养有利于零余子的诱导 ,而光培养则有利于叶片的诱导。The effects of genotypes, explants, phytohormones, light and dark etc.upon callus induction of Dioscorea opposita were studied. Results showed: (1)Different genotypes of D.opposita could all induce and form calli,but percentages of calli were different, which were in turn : D.opposita “No 47”> D.opposita “Tiegun”> D.opposita “Taigu”. (2)Different explants had obvious diversity on the same medium. The percentages of calli of the same explant were different on the media supplied with different phytohormones concentration. The combination 6 BA 2(mg/L)+NAA 2 was best to callus induction from leaf,stem,bulbil,whose ratios were respectively 53 3%,65 6%,100%.The combination 6 BA 2+NAA 0 2 was to shoot tip,whose ratio was 93 3%.(3)It was crucial for phytohormones to induce callus of D.opposita . Cytokinin and auxin combinations had better effect than single phytohormone,and their concentrations were different,ratio was different, too. (4)The effects of light and dark upon callus induction from different explants were different. The dark culture was more advantageous to induction from bulbil. The light culture was beneficial to leaf.

关 键 词：山药 基因型 外植体 愈伤组织 组织培养 中药 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培] S336[农业科学—作物学]