不同环境条件下生产的棉花种子品质的差异及对后代的影响  

The Quality Differences of Cotton Seeds (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Produced under Different Environmental Conditions and Effects on the Growth and Development of progeny

作　　者：鲁黄均[1] 马家璋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花所

出　　处：《种子》1990年第6期17-21,共5页Seed

摘　　要：棉花种子质量的高低与棉花生产密切有关,生产高质量的种子是棉花良种繁育和主要任务之一。种子质量对棉花生产的影响表现在2个方面,一是对播种品质的影响,二是对后代产量和纤维品质的影响。这2方面都有过一些研究,对前一问题的认识是一致的,即优质种子的播种品质优良,出苗整齐,幼苗健壮,但种子质量与子代生长发育和产量关系的研究则有不同的结论。Khan 等(1986)观察了6个棉花品种(亚洲棉、陆地棉、海岛棉各2个)种子大小的效应,发现大种子植株的生长发育明显地优于小种子和未分级种子,单株铃数、单铃种子数及子棉产量均显著增加,皮棉产量按大、中、未分级、小种子依次递减。Kumar 等(1986)则认为品种和杂种的子棉产量不受播小种子、未精选或未分级种子的影响。在我国,同一品种特别是推广面积大的品种的种子常由若干个不同地区的原(良)种场繁育。这些原(良)种场生产的种子在品质上是否存在差异以及对棉花生产有多大影响的报道不多。本试验的目的是比较生态条件和栽培季节差别很大的海南三亚地区与河南安阳地区繁殖的棉花种子的品质差异,并研究这种差异对后代的影响。Comparisons of the qualities between cotton seeds produced in Sanya,Heinan Province and Anyang,Henan Provincewere made using 12 cotton strains as the testing materials in 1987—1988.seed index,kernel weight per 100 seeds and abso-lute content of proteins and lipids of Sanya cotton seeds were lower than those of Anyang seeds.Sanya seeds had higher ratioof coats to kernels.Anyang seeds produced seedlings which grew faster than the seedlings from Sanya seeds.However,theplants in late growing stage seeds from the two production locations did not show significant differences.Lint yield of theprogeny of Sanya seeds was similar to that of the progeny of Anyang seeds except that in strain Zhong 3054 Sanya seeds pro-duced significantly lint more than Anyang seeds.The plants from Anyang and Sanya seeds did not oroduced significantly dif-ferent fiber,but,the strength of fiber was greater from the progeny of Anyang seeds than from that of Sanya seeds instrainas Zhong 2866 and Zhong 2892.

关 键 词：棉花 种子 品质 环境条件 

分 类 号：S562.03[农业科学—作物学]