地下工程事故紧急搜救的快速气冲钻孔和实时监测  

Monitoring and air-driven fast-track drilling designed for emergent searching and rescuing operation in buried underground space

作　　者：岳中琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]香港大学土木工程系

出　　处：《黑龙江科技学院学报》2012年第4期403-408,共6页Journal of Heilongjiang Institute of Science and Technology

基　　金：香港特别行政区政府研究基金委员会项目(HKU7137/03E);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2011CB710600)

摘　　要：如何以最快的速度搜救地下工程事故中的被困人员,是完成救援任务的关键,笔者提出了自动监测钻孔过程的DPM方法。该方法在以高压空气作为动力的潜孔锤旋转冲击钻孔中,能够自动、连续地对钻孔过程实时数字监测和记录。这种智能型监测钻孔可以实时建立沿钻孔深度各点的岩土体力学强度与空间分布,从而准确地测定地下洞室或巷道的位置及范围。该技术起到快速搜索以及输送新鲜空气的作用,钻成的孔洞可以将食物和水传递给被困人员。十多年来,实际数字钻孔监测结果表明,这项研究的确可以精确测定和给出地下岩土体的力学强度。该方法可以有效地、具体地应用到地下工程事故紧急搜救工作中。This paper presents a brief idea for an effective searching and rescuing people trapped in sealed underground spaces such as caverns and tunnels due to collapse of surrounding rock and soil masses.The idea is based on the fast construction hole drilling and its automatic digital monitoring.The drilling device is the compressed air-flow driven percussive-rotary drilling associated with a down-the-hole hammer.The drilling process monitoring allows an accurate and effective delinearing of the soil and rock strength and quality along the drill hole in real time,thus making it possible to quickly determine the location of the buried underground space and reach the people in the underground space,with the result that the compressed air-flow can flow into the buried underground space through the holes in the bit of the hammer.It follows that the method can come into effective and practical use for emergent searching and rescuing people trapped in buried underground space.

关 键 词：钻孔监测 地下工程 紧急搜救 气冲钻孔 潜孔锤 

分 类 号：TD771[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]