光伏电池MPPT扰动观察法的研究现状  

Research of Perturbation and Observation Method for MPPT of PV Arrays

作　　者：宋亮[1] 王晓东[1] 刘雯[1] 徐锐[1] 杨富华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院半导体研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《半导体光电》2012年第4期455-462,共8页Semiconductor Optoelectronics

基　　金：国家"973"计划项目(2012CB934204)

摘　　要：为了提高太阳电池的利用率并降低系统成本,需要采用最大功率跟踪(MPPT)控制策略使光伏阵列获得最大功率输出。在众多的MPPT控制方法中,扰动观察法由于原理简单、易于实现而成为MPPT控制中应用和研究最为广泛的方法之一。但传统的扰动观察法在稳态下由于其固定的扰动步长会在最大功率点(MPP)附近形成振荡,并且当外界环境发生快速变化时会出现误判断的现象。为了克服以上不足,研究者们提出了很多改进方案。文章对这些改进方案进行了综述,这些改进方案主要包括以下三类:变步长的改进方法、改进的新方法以及与其他方法结合的扰动观察法。To maximize the utilization of solar cells and lower system cost, maximum power point tracking （MPPT） method is employed to extract the peak available power from PV arrays. Among numbers of methods for MPPT, the perturbation and observation （P＆O） algorithm is most widely used in PV systems due to its simplicity and ease of implementation. However, it suffers from several demerits such as oscillation around the MPP in stationary stations, slow response speed and even failing under rapidly changing atmospheric conditions. In order to overcome these drawbacks from conventional P＆O, many improved methods are proposed. In this paper, current P^O techniques are reviewed and improved based on making a survey of large amount of related articles, then these methods are summarized into three categories： variable steps P＆O, novel P＆O and P＆O combined with other methods.

关 键 词：光伏系统 最大功率跟踪 扰动观察法 变步长 改进的新方法 与其他方法结合的扰动观察法 

分 类 号：TM914.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]