四种猎物对南方小花蝽生长发育和繁殖的影响  

The influence of 4 species of preys on the development and fecundity of Orius similis Zheng

作　　者：张昌容[1,2] 郅军锐[1] 莫利锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学昆虫研究所,贵州山地农业病虫害重点实验室,贵阳550025 [2]浙江大学昆虫科学研究所,杭州310029

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第18期5646-5652,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：贵州省优秀科技教育人才省长专项资金项目(黔省专合字(2007)20号);贵州省农业攻关项目(黔科合NY字〔2010〕3065号

摘　　要：南方小花蝽是多种猎物的天敌,为评价西花蓟马、二斑叶螨、蚕豆蚜和腐食酪螨饲养南方小花蝽的效果,研究了南方小花蝽取食四种猎物时的生长发育和繁殖情况。结果表明南方小花蝽取食腐食酪螨时若虫只能发育到5龄,4龄若虫累计存活率仅为6.8%。其它3种猎物均可使南方小花蝽正常生长发育和繁殖,其中南方小花蝽取食西花蓟马时生长发育时间最短,繁殖率最高;取食二斑叶螨时生长发育时间最长,繁殖率最低。取食西花蓟马的南方小花蝽净生殖率、内禀增长率和周限增长率明显高于其它两种猎物。用3种猎物连续饲养南方小花蝽两代,以蚕豆蚜和二斑叶螨为猎物时南方小花蝽的未成熟期、成虫的寿命、繁殖情况和生命参数在第一代和第二代之间都有所不同,但以西花蓟马为食料时南方小花蝽第一代和第二代之间生长发育和繁殖情况没有明显的差异。以上结果表明在供试猎物中西花蓟马对南方小花蝽实验种群的增长最有利。Abstract： As a generalist predator, Or/us similis can prey on thrlps, aphids, spider mites, whiteflies, eggs and newly hatched larvae of Lepidoptera pests, and therefore 0. similis is consided as a very promising valuable natural enemy agent because of its long occurring time, high population, a wide range ot preys, strong adaptability and high predation. 0. similis is a predominant predatory nature enemy species in South China and plays an important role in suppressing the population of many pests. Studying on the biological and ecological characteristics of this natural enemy is the basis for utilization of the predator in biological control of the pests. In the present study, Frankliniella occidentalis （ Pergande）, Aphis craccivora Koch, Tetranychus urticae Koch and Tyrophagus putrescentiae Schrank were used as preys to determine their effects on the development and fecundity of O. similis. The results showed that the newly-hatched nymph of 0. similis, which is feeding on T. putrescentiae, could only develop to its 5ts instar nymph, rather than to adult stage, with the accumulated survival rate of its 4th instar nymph as low as 6.8% , while O. similis can develop and reproduce successfully on the other three prey species. The development duration, survival rate, and reproductive characteristics of 0. similis were significantly different among preys. With F. occidentalis as prey, 0. similis had the shortest immature development duration with 16.2d, about 6 days shorter than that of O. similis feeding on other two preys. O. similis had the highest fecundity with 65.7 per female feeding on F.occidentalis, while O. similis had the longest development, lowest fecundity when feeding on T. urticae. According to the reproduction of first generation of O. similis fed on 3 preys species, the fecundity specific life tables of O. similis were constructed and the parameters were calculated. The net reproductive rate （Ro ） was highest up to 26. 6632 while fed on F. occidentalis, which was as 5.7 and 7.7 times as t

关 键 词：南方小花蝽 西花蓟马 蚕豆蚜 二斑叶螨 腐食酪螨 生长发育 繁殖 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]