基于DEA交叉效率的R&D效率评价和资源配置研究——以区域高技术产业为例  

Research on R&D Efficiency Evaluation and Resource Allocation Based on DEA Cross-efficiency——Example of Regional High-tech Industry

作　　者：王晓珍[1] 吉生保[1] 崔新健[2] 时如义[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学,江苏徐州221116 [2]中央财经大学,北京102206

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2012年第17期115-120,共6页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"跨国研发中心嵌入我国国家创新体系的模式及其效应的理论与实证研究(71073178)";江苏省软科学基金项目"苏北科技服务业竞争力评价及提升研究(BR2011012)";中央高校基本科研业务经费专项基金"价值链联动指数对我国高技术产业发展的影响研究"(2011RC20);中央高校基本科研业务经费专项基金"我国科技研发经费配置结构分析及优化模型构建"(2010W22)

摘　　要：针对DEA交叉效率评价中权重不唯一情况,用最小调整法研究了区域R&D资源的再配置情况。研究发现:第一,相比CCR方法,交叉效率方法以微弱的、可以承受的代价实现了R&D效率的普遍提升和彼此之间差距的缩小,进一步验证了自利型"囚徒困境"会带来显著的效率损失;第二,R&D投入规模是R&D效率普遍提升的前提,分散、小规模的R&D投入只会带来R&D效率的整体偏低和差异加大;第三,R&D人员的区域相对过剩造成了我国R&D活动的"产能过剩",这是解决我国R&D领域自利型"囚徒困境"问题的关键所在。According to the fact that the weight of cross - efficiency in DEA evaluation is not unique, the paper adopts CCR and cross efficiency models to evaluate the provincial R＆D efficiency in China. Then it analyzes the provincial reallocation of resources by using minimum adjustment method. The resuhs show that ： firstly, cross efficiency can raise the general efficiency of the R＆D and bridges the gap between them with less cost compared with CCR method. This verifies that the self - serving ＂ prisoner＇s dilemma＂ will give DMU a significant loss of efficiency. The conclusion is applicable to both national and large regions, and it is statistically significant. Secondly, consistent with the intuitive judgment, clustering analysis illustrates that the R＆D input size is the premise of the general improvement of R＆D efficiency. Dispersed and small - scale R＆D investment will overall decrease R＆D efficiency and increase the difference between them. Thirdly, the relative surplus of regional R＆D staff leads to the ＂ overcapacity＂ of R＆D activities in China which is the main problem of field self - serving ＂ prisoner＇s dilemma＂ of R＆D.

关 键 词：R&D效率评价 资源再配置 高技术产业 DEA 交叉效率 

分 类 号：F224[经济管理—国民经济] F276.44