皇甫川流域气候变化特征及其生态效应分析  

Climate change characteristics and its ecological effects on Huangfu-chuan Basin

作　　者：孙特生[1] 李波[1] 张新时[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源学院/地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学开放研究实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2012年第9期1-7,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(40871135);国家973项目(2007CB106807)资助

摘　　要：气候变化叠加上其它的自然驱动力和人类活动力,必将对区域脆弱的生态系统结构和功能产生重要影响。利用1961～2010年皇甫川流域气候数据、准格尔旗统计年鉴数据,采用数理统计方法和NPP计算模型,分析流域降水、气温特征及其生态效应。结果表明:1961～2010年流域降水、气温的季节和年际波动明显;降水年际变化趋势不明显,而年平均气温上升趋势明显;主要受降水量年际波动影响,流域NPP和农业生态系统生产功能均表现出明显的年际波动变化;NPP变化趋势不明显,而农业生态系统作为自然-社会-经济复合系统,其粮食生产增长趋势明显,但气候暖干化可能会带来农业气象灾害。此外,流域气候波动性大、稳定性差,加剧了土地荒漠化。因此,在皇甫川流域生态建设、环境治理中,要综合采取工程措施、生物措施和农业措施,将气候变化造成的不利影响降低到最低限度。Climate change, superimposed on the other impacts on structure and function of fragile ecosystem. natural driving force and human activity, are the major Using statistical methods and NPP mathematical model, climate data in Huangfu -chuan basin and Statistical Yearbook data in Zhungeer County from 1961 to 2010 were used to analyze the characteristics of precipitation, temperature and their ecosystem effects. The results were as follow： precipitation and temperature in Huangfu -chuan basin showed significant seasonal and inter -annual fluctuations; Inter - annual variation of precipitation was not significant, while temperature rose significantly; Mainly affected by the inter - annual fluctuation of precipitation, the inter - annual fluctuations of both NPP and grain production of agro - ecosystem were significant; The change trend of NPP was not obvious, as a naturalsocial - economic complex system, grain production growth of agro - ecosystem was evident, but climatic warming and drying may led to agro -meteorological disasters. In addition, the big fluctuation and poor stability of climate exacerbated land desertification. Therefore, in the process of ecological construction and environment treatment, comprehensive engineering, biological and agricultural measures should be used to reduce the adverse effects of climate chanie to the minimum.

关 键 词：气候波动 生态系统生产力 NPP 农业生态系统生产功能 皇甫川流域 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]