金属体积成形预成形设计的现状及发展  

THE CURRENT SITUATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PREFORM DESIGN IN BULK METAL FORMING

作　　者：赵新海[1] 赵国群[1] 王广春[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东工业大学模具工程技术研究中心,济南250061

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2000年第3期1-6,共6页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：霍英东教育基金会高等院校青年教师基金;山东省自然科学基金

摘　　要：金属体积成形预成形设计 ,是材料多工序成形工艺与模具设计的中心工作。如何设计预锻件形状和预锻模形状是生产合格终锻件的关键 ,也是模具设计的难点之一。预成形优化设计是采用了优化技术的预成形设计 ,是发展的预成形设计 ,在国内外得到了广泛研究。本文首先介绍了预成形设计所依据的知识和采用的主要手段 :基于以往丰富经验的经验性指导原则、物理模拟技术和基于数值模拟的计算机辅助设计。然后对处于当今预成形设计的主流方法—基于数值模拟的预成形设计的两个发展阶段 ,即预成形设计和预成形优化设计进行了介绍。其次对常用的正向模拟和反向模拟预成形设计方法和常用的基于灵敏度分析的正向模拟优化法、直接微分法、拟合优化法、微观遗传算法等预成形优化设计方法的基本原理、特点及应用进行了介绍和总结。最后指出了预成形设计的发展趋势。Preform design in bulk metal forming is the central task of bulk metal forming process and die design. How to design the preform shape and the preform die shape is the crucial problem for producing the desired final workpiece.It is also the difficult issue of die design. Optimal preform design is the evolution of preform design through using optimization algorithms and is widely studied recently.There are three common methods for the preform design.The first one is the experimental methods based on designer's experience and empirical guidelines. The second is physical simulation technique and the last is computer\|aided design based on numerical simulation methods.Among them,the last is more potential for use. The development of preform design can be divided into two stages, preform design and optimal preform design. The commonly used preform design methods are forward simulation method,backward simulation method and optimization method.The optimization methods for preform design includes sensitivity analysis based forward simulation optimization methods,direct differentiation method,micro genetic algorithm and so on. The principle,characteristics and application of the above methods are introduced and summarized, respectively. At last, the development trends of preform design methods are put forward.

关 键 词：体积成形 预成形设计 优化设计 模拟 金属 锻件 

分 类 号：TG312[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工] TG315.2