对赛艇运动员中枢神经系统疲劳管理策略的心理干预  

Psychological Intervention on Fatigue Management of Rowers Central Nervous System

作　　者：蒋小波 姒刚彦[1,2] 徐晗[3] 苏志雄 

机构地区：[1]香港体育学院,中国香港沙田 [2]武汉体育学院 [3]武汉体育学院体育科技学院

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2012年第8期684-696,共13页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

摘　　要：以节奏策略的中枢管理模型和极限状态下心理承受力训练模型为基础,对高水平赛艇运动员进行心理干预(包括疲劳信念干预和心理技能训练),检验心理干预对于节奏策略、运动绩效以及主观疲劳强度RPE的影响。选取14名湖北省级水平赛艇运动员,采用实验组(n=9)和控制组(n=5)前测后测不相等组的实验设计,前测和后测均包括2次6分钟测功仪最大能力测试。前、后测之前均对运动员施测心理技能问卷、自我谈话问卷、疲劳克服问卷,检验心理干预对疲劳克服信念和心理技能的效果。协方差结果显示,心理干预对实验组被试表象、心理准备、自我谈话三个心理技能有显著影响,疲劳克服信念中的控制信念有显著进步(P<0.05)。实验组在第二次绩效数据上显著进步(P<0.05)。研究结果支持了以节奏策略的中枢管理模型为基础的心理干预对赛艇项目的绩效有积极作用。Based on the central governor model of pacing strategy, the purpose of this investigation was to explore the effectiveness of psychological intervention （including fatigue overcoming belief inter- vention and mental skill training） on the pacing strategy, athletic performance,and RPE of Chinese male national-level rowers. The subjects was divided into an experimental group （n = 9） and a control group （n = 5）,and both groups received the pre- and post-test. An un-equivalent quasi-experimental design was applied in the study. The participants were requested to conduct twice a 6-minute test in both pretest and post-test. Prior to the pre-test and post-test （after the intervention）,all participants completed the Mental Skill Questionnaire ,Self-talk Inventory ,Fatigue Overcome Questionnaire. Results show that the scores of imagery, mental preparation and self-talk of the participants in experimental group change significantly after psychological intervention. ANOVA analysis demonstrates a significant change in the performance of the second test between pre-test and post-test （P 〈 0.05）. These findings support the hypotheses that psychological intervention could change the pacing strategy and improve the performance.

关 键 词：节奏策略 心理干预 赛艇 疲劳克服信念 终点预期理论 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]