转Gastrodianin基因提高小麦赤霉病和纹枯病的抗性  

Enhancement of Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight and Sharp Eyespot in Gastrodianin Transgenic Wheat

作　　者：周淼平[1] 杨学明[1] 姚金保[1] 任丽娟[1] 张增艳[2] 马鸿翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院省农业生物学重点实验室,江苏南京210014 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程,农业部作物遗传育种重点开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《作物学报》2012年第9期1617-1624,共8页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2011ZX08002-001);国家现代农业产业体系建设项目(CARS-03);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(CX11-1025)资助

摘　　要：天麻抗真菌蛋白Gastrodianin在体外可以抑制多种病原真菌的生长。为检验转Gastrodianin基因小麦对真菌病害的抗性,采用基因枪法将由ubiquitin启动子驱动的Gastrodianin基因导入小麦品种扬麦158和Alondra,获得14株纯合的转基因株系。外源基因的PCR检测、染色体荧光原位杂交、半定量RT-PCR分析结果表明,外源Gastrodianin基因在转基因小麦T5代植株中已经纯合并有不同水平的表达;赤霉病和纹枯病抗性鉴定结果显示,Gastrodianin基因的表达能抑制病原菌在转基因植株中生长,从而减轻病原菌引起的病症发展,且2种病害的减轻程度与Gastrodianin基因的表达水平正相关。Gastrodianin, also called Gastrodia antifungal protein （GAFP）, can inhibit the growth of many fungal pathogens in vitro. The Gastrodianin gene driven by maize ubiquitin promoter in the transformation vector pAC-GAFP was introduced into wheat cultivars Yangmai 158 and Alondra via particle bombardment to investigate the resistance to fungal pathogens in transgenic wheat. A total of 14 transgenic lines were obtained and verified through PCR, FISH, and semiquantitative RT-PCR analyses. The results showed that the alien Gastrodianin gene was integrated into wheat genome in the transgenic lines and heritable to the off- spring. The alien Gastrodianin gene was expressed at different levels in the transgenic lines of the homozygous T5 generation. The assessment of resistance to Fusarium graminearum and Rhizoctonia cerealis indicated that Gastrodianin suppressed the growth of pathogens in transgenic plants and reduced the severity of both diseases. The enhanced resistance degree was associated with the expression level of Gastrodianin gene in transgenic plants.

关 键 词：小麦 转基因 Gastrodianin 赤霉病 纹枯病 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]