“二战”后日本国立大学办学自主性之嬗变  

Evolution of the Autonomy in Japanese National Universities since 1945

作　　者：杨九斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《高教发展与评估》2012年第5期57-61,124,共5页Higher Education Development and Evaluation

摘　　要："二战"以来,日本国立大学一直处在变革之中,而其办学自主性是其变革的主要议题。然而,在国立大学法人化之前,日本国立大学仍然在保障大学自主与满足政府对大学行政管理中艰难地徘徊,与"二战"前相比较,这一时期的日本国立大学拥有较大的自主性,但是,政府仍然没有赋予其财政自主权。法人化改革后,随着财政自主权的获得,日本国立大学实现了自日本高等教育制度建立以来最大限度地办学自主性。不过,作为日本近代教育史以来地震级的改革,国立大学法人化犹如一把双刃剑,既给予国立大学办学自主性的变革,又让国立大学必须面临新的考验和困扰。Since World War II,there has been an everlasting transformation in Japanese national universities,in which schooling autonomy is the major issues.However,before the incorporation of national university,there still was the dilemma of the interest flunctuating between protection of schooling autonomy and meeting the government′s administration.Compared with that of the period of the World War II,Japanese national universities currently have greater autonomy.However,the government still does not give its financial autonomy.Since the incorporation of national universities in Japan,the national universities have acquired the financial autonomy consequently and achieved the maximum autonomy since the establishment.Nevertheless,as the critical reform of Japan′s modern history of education,the incorporation of national universities is just like a double-edged sword.On one hand,it gives the autonomy of the national universities;on the other hand,it makes the national universities face new challenges and problems.

关 键 词：日本 国立大学 办学自主 教育自主权 

分 类 号：G649.313[文化科学—高等教育学]