见习护士心理健康现状及与学历的关系  

Relation between the mental health status and education degree among nursing students

作　　者：陈红丽[1] 王江滨[1] 张伟滨[2] 史艳南[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院外科,150001 [2]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院康复科,150001

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2012年第24期2912-2915,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的调查见习护士心理健康现状，并探讨其与学历之间的关系。方法采用目的抽样的方法对某三级甲等教学医院120名见习护士进行问卷调查，见习护士的心理健康状况采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）进行测定，并进行不同学历之间的比较。结果共发放问卷120份，回收问卷104份，回收率为86．67％，其中有效问卷101份，有效率为97．12％。101名见习护士SCL-90量表结果与常模组比较，躯体化[（1．73±0．31）比（1．37±0．48）]、强迫症状[（1．82±0，24）比（1．62±0．58）]、抑郁[（1．86±0．31）比（1．50±0．59）]、焦虑[（1．78±0．37）比（1．39±0．43）]、恐怖[（2．06±0．46）比（1．23±0．41）]均高于常模组，两组比较差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为7．42，3．44，6．07，8．88，19．50；P〈0．05）。不同学历之间SCL-90量表结果强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖等因子分差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对是见习护士最主要的心理问题，不同学历见习护士心理健康状况不同，提示护理教育者需要针对不同学历的见习护士给予个性化干预，以改善见习护士的心理健康状况。Objective To study the relation between the mental health status and education degree among nursing students. Methods A total of 101 nursing students from four Grade A grade hospitals in Harbin were investigated with SCL （SCL-90）, and comparison was conducted in different qualifications. Results The dimensions score of nursing students were significantly higher than that of the normal group [ somatization （ 1.73 ± 0.31 ） vs （ 1.37 ± 0.48 ）, obsessive-compulsive symptoms （ 1.82± 0.24） vs （ 1.62±0.58 ）, depression （ 1.86±0.31 ） vs （ 1.50 ±0.59）, anxiety （ 1.78±0.37） vs （ 1.39± 0.43 ）, fear factor （2.06± 0.46） vs （ 1.23 ± 0.41 ） ~, with significant differences （ t = 7.42,3.44,6.07,8.88,19.50, respectively; P 〈 0.05 ）. Nursing students with different education degree had significantly different dimension scores of SCL-90 such as somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression, anxiety, and fear factor （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions The most severe mental problems of nursing students are somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety and hostility, and nursing students with different education degree have varying mental health status. So, it is necessary for nursing educator to provide individual intervention for nursing students with different education degree.

关 键 词：护士 助理 见习护士 心理健康 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]