烟花爆竹烟火药剂危险性评价方法  

Method of Assessing Pyrotechnic Compositions Hazard

作　　者：俞进阳[1] 饶国宁[1] 陈利平[1] 姜夕博[1] 彭金华[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2012年第7期72-76,共5页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAK40B00)

摘　　要：为预防涉及烟花爆竹用烟火药剂的事故,应当在大规模制造、使用、储存之前,初步评估其危险性。在大量文献调研和专家建议基础上,选取机械感度(撞击和摩擦)和热感度作为烟火药安全性的最主要的指标。基于危险度的定义,用摩擦感度、撞击感度和热感度表征可能性,用最大放热量原则计算的放热量表征严重度,提出一种简便的,对烟花爆竹用烟火药剂的危险性进行评价的方法。运用此种方法得到的几种药剂的危险性等级比较符合实际情况。It was held here that in order to prevent accidents of pyrotechnic compositions for fireworks and crackers, the hazard of them should be evaluated before their large-scale manufacture, use and storage. On the basis of literature survey and experts＇ recommendations, the mechanical sensitivity including impact and friction sensitivity and heat sensitivity were selected as the foremost indicators of the stability of the pyrotechnics. Basing on the definition of hazard, a hazard assessment method was proposed to grade the risk. The friction and impact sensitivities and thermal sensitivities were used to characterize the proba- bility, the theoretical heat release values were used to characterize the sevetity. The risk level of several typical pyrotechnic compositions were gained based on this method. The results of practical application is reliable.

关 键 词：烟火药剂 危险性等级 机械感度 起始放热温度 理论放热量 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]