广西市级疾控机构突发公共卫生事件应对能力现况调查  

Capacity to respond to public health emergencies of the municipal level centers for disease control and prevention in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

作　　者：刘德诚[1] 陈发钦[1] 周阳[2] 韦辉[1] 冯启明[2] 

机构地区：[1]530021广西壮族自治区卫生厅卫生应急办公室 [2]广西医科大学卫生事业管理系

出　　处：《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》2012年第9期803-806,共4页China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解广西市级疾控机构突发公共卫生事件应对能力现状。方法采用统一问卷对广西14所市级疾控中心进行问卷调查。内容包括基本情况、预备状态、区域反应能力、监测和流行病学能力、实验室能力、疫情通报与信息发布能力、教育培训能力等7个方面。结果调查结果显示，14家CDC共有1770卫生工作人员，其中专业人员有1474人（83．3％），学历本科以下占69．O％，初级职称或无职称占57．9％，尚无一家CDC有独立的卫生应急办公室。所有的CDC均制定了应急预案，主要针对重大传染性疾病与群体性不明原因疾病，但均未参与其他部门应急预案的制定。所有应急人员均能按要求在最短时间内到达现场。14家CDC均具备监测法定报告的传染病、突发公共卫生事件、重大伤害、人群免疫水平、实验室检测质量及不明原因的住院死亡的能力，并能定期监测其结果。所有的CDC实验室均能够分离培养主要传染病病原，检验血清，检测抗体，以及开展常见中毒检测；所有的市级CDC均未建立官方网站及缺乏新闻发言人，但直报网络体系已经建立，电话咨询专线也已使用。另外，每家CDC的现场调查装备也较为齐全，并且大部分开展过应急培训与实战演练。结论广西市级疾控中心应急框架体系已基本建立，但仍存在应急专业人员学历及职称偏低，实验室专业人员素质不高、检测能力低下，应急预案缺乏针对性等问题。Objective To investigate the capacity to respond to public health emergencies of the municipal level Centers for Disease Control and Prevention （CDC） in Guangxi. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the directors of all 14 municipality-level CDC in Guangxi to understand the relative situations. Results There were 1 770 staff members in these 14 CDC, with 1474 professionals （83.3 %）. 69.0% of their staff members had the educational level of college or below, 57.9% of them had the primary professional titles even without professional title. No independent Office of Health Emergency had been established in all 14 CDC. All of them had developed their contingency plans, mainly focusing on major infectious diseases and congregative diseases of unknown cause. None of the 14 CDC had joined the development of emergency plans of other departments. The staff members of these 14 CDC could rush to the scene in time. Thel4 CDC were able to monitor the notifiable infectious diseases, sadden public health incidents, serious injuries, basic public health information, health-related factors, population immunity level, quality of laboratory test, and in-hospital deaths of unknown causes, and to analyze the monitoring results regularly. All of them had specialized laboratory workers, all together 14 persons, that were able to isolate and culture the pathogens of major infectious diseases, identify serum, test antibodies, and examine the common toxins. On-scene investigation tools were equipped. No website had been established. However, direct reporting network systems existed and special line telephone systems for counseling were already used. Media communication talents lacked. Training and practice had be conducted. Conclusion A system of CDC has been primarily established in Guangxi. However, the educational and professional levels of their staff members are still low. There is a lack of professional competence and their laboratories are at a low level. Their emergency plans fail to focus on specific situati

关 键 词：疾控机构 突发公共卫生事件 应急能力 

分 类 号：R129[医药卫生—环境卫生学]