“都”与“也”在任指句中的异同  

Differences between "Dou(All)" and "Ye(Also)" in Any Reference Sentences

作　　者：巴丹[1] 张谊生[2] 

机构地区：[1]右江民族医学院,广西百色533000 [2]上海师范大学上海市高校比较语言学E-研究院,上海200234

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2012年第4期69-74,共6页Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"近30年来汉语虚词的发展变化及其演化趋势研究"(07BYY048);上海市重点学科三期资助项目"汉语言文字学"(S30402)

摘　　要："Wh+都+V(P)"与"Wh+也+V(P)"在句法、语义、语用方面各有特点。从情态来看,肯定类"也"式主要体现"必然情态",肯定类"都"式主要体现"怨言情态";从主客观角度来看,"也"式多用于主观断言句,常用在将来时和现在时,而"都"式多用于客观陈述句,常用在过去时;从认知方式来看,"也"式属"次第式扫描","都"式属"总括式扫描"。从篇章角度来看,后项句的优势句型是"也"式,"都"式倾向于出现在中项句。比较句、陈述句倾向于选"也"式,而递进句、描写句倾向于选"都"式。＂Wh＋all＋V （P）＂ and ＂Wh＋also-q-V （P）＂ patterns have different features in syntax, semantics and pragmatics. From the perspective of modality the affirmative ＂ye （also）＂ pattern mainly reflects ＂inevitability＂, and the ＂dou （all）＂ pattern mainly reflects ＂complaint＂. From the subjective and objective points of view, the ＂ye＂ pattern tends to be used in the subjective assertive sentence, commonly in future tense and present tense; while the ＂dou＂ pattern tends to be used in the objective declarative sentence, and in past tense. From cognitive perspective, the ＂ye＂ pattern is ＂sequential scanning＂, but the ＂dou＂ pattern is ＂package scanning＂. From textual perspective, the ＂ye＂ pattern is the prominent sentence pattern of the consequent sentences, the ＂dou＂ pattern tends to appear in the mean-term sentences. Comparative sentences and declarative sentences tend to choose the ＂ye＂ pattern, while progressive sentences and descriptive sentences tend to choose the ＂dou＂ pattern.

关 键 词：都 也 任指句 情态 篇章 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]