含镉水灌溉对水稻产量和品质的影响  

Influence of Irrigation with Different Concentrations of Cadmium Solution on Rice Yield and Quality

作　　者：李玉清[1] 周雪梅[1] 姜国辉[1] 苏瑛[1] 于东洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学,沈阳110866

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2012年第4期120-123,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：水利部公益性项目(201001077)

摘　　要：通过土培桶栽水稻试验,以辽宁中部灌区多年来水质状况为背景,研究了不同质量浓度镉水(0、0.002、0.004、0.005、0.006、0.01、0.012mg/L)灌溉对水稻产量和品质的影响。结果表明,重金属镉对水稻籽粒的长度有一定的抑制作用,但能降低稻米的垩白粒率,当灌溉水中镉质量浓度为0.002mg/L时,稻米的垩白粒率最小,仅为0.15,达到了国家二级优质米的标准;当质量浓度在0.012mg/L以下时,对水稻结实率、千粒质量、每桶产量的影响不显著,对水稻的碾米品质和营养品质无不利影响。土壤中的含镉量则与水中镉的质量浓度成正比,当质量浓度达到9.5×10-3 mg/L时,土壤中的含镉量达到国家环保局制定的限量标准(0.3mg/kg)。灌溉水中的镉仅有较少一部分进入到稻米中,6个不同质量浓度处理下,稻米中的含镉量占全生育期灌溉水镉总量的比例约为0.012%～0.067%。In consideration of the quality of water used for irrigating in middle of Liaoning Province,this paper studied the influencs on rice yield and quality from irrigation of different concentrations of cadmium solution through the experiments which were cultivation of rice in buckets.The results showed that the heavy metal-Cd inhibited the length of the rice grain and deduced the percentage of grains with chalkiness.This percentage was 0.15 when the concentration was 0.002 mg/L,which was up to the national’ standard of second high quality level of rice.When the concentration was below 0.012 mg/L,there was no significant effects on seed setting rate,thousand grain weight,yield of every bucket and no adverse effects on grind quality and nutritional quality.The cadmium concents in soil increased as the concentration of solution increased and was up to the standard formulated by National Environmental Protection Bureau when the concentration was 9.5×10-3 mg/L.In fact,only small part of the cadmium in solution was absorbed by rice,which acturally meant that the proportion was about 0.012%~0.067% through the whole life of the rice in the six treatments.

关 键 词：重金属镉 水镉 土镉 水稻 产量和品质 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]