环渤海地区大气低能见度气候特征及影响因子分析  

Analysis on Climatic Characteristics of Poor Atmospheric Visibility and Its Influencing Factors in Bohai Rim

作　　者：郝天依[1] 王式功[1] 尚可政[1] 佘峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《气象》2012年第9期1087-1095,共9页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2006CB403701);国家科技支撑计划(2007BAC29B03)共同资助

摘　　要：利用环渤海地区地面和高空观测资料,统计分析了该地区大气低能见度出现频率的时空分布特征及各相关气象因子的变化情况。结果表明:该地区大气低能见度出现频率年际变化特征表现为弱的上升趋势和周期振荡,主要周期为2、4和6～8 a;月际变化特征为双峰型,高峰值出现在夏季的7月,次峰值为冬季的12月,一天中的08时刻最易出现大气低能见度,整个地区大气低能见度出现频率的空间分布存在较大的不一致性;根据各季节大气低能见度出现频率空间分布特征的不同将整个地区分为三个区域,Ⅰ区包括渤海湾东北角的辽宁靠近黄海的小部分地区及渤海西北面的辽宁与河北毗邻的一部分地区,Ⅱ区包括渤海北部的辽宁小部分地区和京冀大部地区及南部的鲁北部等地区,Ⅲ区为黄海沿岸地区,各区高湿度、小风速是造成大气低能见度的相对重要的气象条件;大气低能见度出现前期或同时刻,低层基本都会维持一个逆温层或等温层和湿层。We analyzed space and time distributed characteristics of poor visibility frequency and the chan- ging situation of its interrelated meteorological factors by using the ground station data as well as the up- per-air and the earth＇s surface data in the region of Bohai Rim. The results have shown that the character- istics in the interannual change of poor visibility present a weak upward trend and periodic oscillations, with main periods of 2 a, 4 a and 6--8 a. The frequency of poor visibility has two peaks in a year and one peak in a day at local time 08 h. The spatial distribution of low visibility＇s frequency exists a great incon- formity. According to the different spatial distribution in the seasonal frequency of poor visibility, the whole region can be divided into three areas. It seemed that high humidity and light wind are the main me- teorological conditions prone to produce low visibility. While the early or the same time as the appearance of poor visibility, these conditions maintain an inversion or isothermal layer and wet layer in the lower at- mosphere.

关 键 词：环渤海地区 大气低能见度 影响因子 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]