中国城乡二元经济结构转化的影响因素分解:1981—2009年  

FACTOR DECOMPOSITION OF CHINA'S DUAL ECONOMIC STRUCTURE TRANSFORMATION: 1981—2009

作　　者：高帆[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学经济学院,上海200433

出　　处：《经济理论与经济管理》2012年第9期5-18,共14页Economic Theory and Business Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(12CJL039);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-11-0105);教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助项目(10JHQ 024)

摘　　要：本文在理论层面对"刘易斯—费景汉—拉尼斯模型"进行了拓展,指出二元经济结构集中表现为城乡居民存在收入差距,这种差距与城乡两部门的劳动力—人口的转化、经济产出—居民收入的转化以及劳动力—经济产出的转化紧密相关。二元经济结构可被分解为四种因素:收入产出比差距、资本产出比差距、资本劳动比差距和劳动参与率差距。基于这种因素分解法,实证分析得出:1981—2009年,在我国的二元经济结构中,收入产出比差距、资本产出比差距、资本劳动比差距和劳动参与率差距的年均贡献度分别为-68.76%,-13.73%,164.35%和18.14%,而劳动生产率差距的年均贡献度为150.62%。我国二元经济结构转化的主要影响因素是劳动生产率差距(尤其是资本劳动比差距)和劳动参与率差距,这源于农村劳动力非农化流转伴随着农村资本形成相对迟缓以及农村人口迁移相对滞后。基于这些结论可以给出新时期我国推进二元经济结构转化的若干政策建议。This paper extended Lewis-Fei-Ranis model and pointed out that urban-rural gap derived from three transformations： labor and population, output and income, labor and output. The dual eco- nomic structure could be decomposed into four gaps., income-output ratio, output-capital ratio, capital-labor ratio and labor participation rate. Based on this method, the paper found that the gap of income-output ratio, out- put-capital ratio, capital-labor ratio and labor participation rate accounted for --68. 76~, --13. 73%, 164. 35% and 18. 14% of China＇s dual structure in 1981--2009, while the average labor productivity contribution was 150. 62%. Labor productivity （especially capital-labor ratio） and labor participation rate gap were the main factors of China＇s dual structure transformation, which derived from the transfer of rural labor along with the rural capital formation and rural population migration were slow. Some suggestions were given from a- bove conclusions.

关 键 词：城乡二元经济结构 因素分解 资本劳动比差距 劳动参与率差距 

分 类 号：F299.2[经济管理—国民经济] F224