我国冻融侵蚀的调查方法  

Survey method of freeze-thaw erosion in China

作　　者：李智广[1] 刘淑珍[2] 张建国[3] 张立新[4,5] 

机构地区：[1]水利部水土保持监测中心,北京100053 [2]中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041 [3]南通大学地理科学学院,江苏南通226007 [4]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875 [5]北京师范大学遥感科学国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2012年第4期1-5,共5页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：第一次全国水利普查"国务院第一次全国水利普查"(国发[2010]4号)

摘　　要：冻融侵蚀是我国仅次于水蚀和风蚀的第3大土壤侵蚀类型,也是第1次全国水利普查水土保持情况普查的土壤侵蚀类型之一,其普查方法的制定和正确运用对普查结果有重要影响。通过介绍冻融侵蚀范围的确定方法和冻融侵蚀强度评价方法,阐述冻融侵蚀分级评价中涉及到的年冻融日循环时间、日均冻融相变水量、年均降水量、坡度、坡向和植被盖度等6个因子的计算流程、赋值标准和权重,以及普查过程中各个环节的质量控制措施。研究结果对于完善我国冻融侵蚀的调查方法以及科学评价冻融侵蚀的现状、发展趋势和预测预报等具有重要意义。Freeze-thaw erosion is the third largest soil erosion type after water erosion and wind erosion, and it is also the main type of soil erosion need to be surveyed in census of water and soil conservation situation, Chinese first-ever nationwide water resources survey. The survey method formulation and correctly applying have important influence on survey results of freeze-thaw erosion. The survey method and technique process of freeze-thaw erosion were introduced clearly in this paper in order to let more workers in water and soil conservation field to know the survey method of freeze-thaw erosion. Firstly, the method for defining the freeze-thaw erosion area in China and the assessment method of freeze-thaw erosion intensity were introduced. Then, the calculation procedure, criterion and weight of six indices for assessment freeze-thaw erosion were formulated. The six indices include the annual freeze-thaw cycle days, phase transition water content in freeze-thaw process, annual precipitation, slope, aspect, vegetation coverage. Finally, the quality measures in survey process were introduced. The survey method introduced in this paper is very important for freeze-thaw erosion survey, and for scientifically evaluating present state, forecasting development trend.

关 键 词：冻融侵蚀 普查 方法 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]