典型载人航天器密封舱结构空间碎片高速撞击声发射定位技术研究  

Research on Methods for Locating Space Debris Impact on Manned Spacecraft Pressurized Cabin Based on Acoustic Emission

作　　者：贾东永[1] 刘治东[2] 庞宝君[2] 刘刚[1] 赵铄[1] 谷巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国空间技术研究院,北京100094 [2]哈尔滨工业大学,哈尔滨150006

出　　处：《载人航天》2012年第5期31-37,共7页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：载人航天领域预先研究项目(020109)

摘　　要：空间站等大型载人航天器因体积大、在轨时间长容易受到空间碎片撞击,作为应对措施,人们提出利用空间碎片在轨感知系统实时监测撞击事件,撞击点定位是在轨感知系统的基本任务之一。为此,本文首先测量了加筋板内s0波波速,根据波速变化规律提出名义波速的概念,在此基础上将虚拟波阵面法推广用于载人密封舱结构,实现对空间碎片撞击事件的精确定位。最后,分别进行了碎片云高速撞击周期性加筋板和空间站小柱段舱壁枪击定位试验,试验结果表明:可将密封舱内声发射信号传播速度视为定值即"名义波速",在此基础上虚拟波阵面法可推广用于密封舱结构。Due to their large volume and long endurance in orbit, large spacecrafts such as space station are vulnerable to space debris. Onboard monitoring system based on acoustic emission technology has been presented as a countermeasure. Firstly, the velocity of sO wave in stiffened plates is measured, and the concept of nominal wave velocity is put forward. Then, the virtual wave front source location method is extended to pressurized cabin. Finally, experiments are carried out both on stiffened plate .and pressurized cabin using a two stage light gas gun and an imitation gun. Results indicate that the wave velocity of acoustic emission in pressurized cabin can be assumed as nominal wave velocity, and the virtual wave front source location method can be extended to pressurized cabin.

关 键 词：声发射源定位 密封舱 空间碎片 名义波速 虚拟波阵面法 

分 类 号：V475[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]