劳动力有限供给条件下我国农村劳动力就业问题研究——基于刘易斯模型的分析  

Research on China’s Agricultural Employment Problem of Rural Labor under Conditions of Limited Supply of Labor——Based on Analysis of Lewis Model

作　　者：陈美[1] 张福明[1] 孙鹏飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]聊城大学商学院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2012年第5期580-584,共5页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划研究项目"城乡社会保障一体化前瞻研究--以山东省为例"(编号:10CJGZ24)

摘　　要：本文基于刘易斯模型,采用调查问卷、规范分析、实证分析等方法,对我国当前的农业就业问题进行分析。研究结果表明:在劳动力有限供给的时代背景下,农村劳动力的农业就业在劳动力的供求关系、个体特征、农业就业的时间分布、农业就业的方式等方面,表现出了新的矛盾与问题。其成因,既有城乡二元户籍制度、城乡分割的劳动就业制度、城乡收入分配制度、土地制度等制度性原因;又有劳动力性别、年龄、文化程度等个体特征原因。要解决目前我国农村劳动力农业就业方面存在的问题,必须从改革现行户籍制度、城乡分割的劳动就业制度和农地制度改革,加大政府对农业就业的扶持力度、加强对农村劳动力的职业技能培训和,转变就业观念方面,寻求根本的解决对策。In this paper, we based on the Lewis model, use the questionnaire, normative analysis, empirical analysis method to analyze China＇s current agricultural employment problems. The results show that： background of the limited supply of labor, the agricultural employment of the rural labor has shown new contradictions and problems in aspects of the relationship between labor supply and demand, the individual characteristics of the rural labor, the time distribution of agricultural employment, the mode of agricultural employment and so on. The reasons of these contradictions and problems not only includes institutional factors such as urban and rural household registration system, rural-urban segmentation of the employment system, urban and rural income distribution system, land system; but also includes the individual characteristics such as the labor force age, gender, family status, educational level and so on. To solve the problems of rural labor agricultural employment, we must seek a fundamental countermeasures, such as reform the current household registration system, rural-urban segmentation of the employment system, land system and increase the government＇s aid to agricultural employment, strengthen the occupation skill training of rural labor, change the concept of employment and so on.

关 键 词：劳动力有限供给 农村劳动力 民工荒 农业就业 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济]