虾夷马粪海胆F_2代群体体尺、性腺性状及营养成分的分析  

Analysis of Body and Gonad Traits & Nutrient Composition Among F 2 Generation of Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius

作　　者：沈妍[1] 常亚青[1] 刘平晋[1] 张伟杰[1] 丁君[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学/农业部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《农学学报》2012年第8期60-67,共8页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"海胆性腺脂肪酸相关基因克隆与表达"(30972269);辽宁省科技计划"海胆高效增养殖及食品安全保障技术研究"(2007203004);辽宁省"百千万人才工程"资助项目"海胆重要抗病功能基因的克隆与应用"(2008921059);国家"863"计划"高值海珍品良种培育"(2012AA10A412)

摘　　要：为更全面的评价虾夷马粪海胆F2代的品质。测量了虾夷马粪海胆F2代群体25个家系113枚海胆的体尺、性腺性状以及营养成分,其中体尺性状包括壳高、壳径、体重、壳体积、壳重、壳干重、肠道湿重、口器高、口器宽、口器重;性腺性状包括性腺湿重、指数、颜色(亮度值L*,红度值a*,黄度值b*)、水分;营养成分包括总蛋白含量、总氨基酸含量和脂肪酸组成。结果显示:壳性状、口器性状、肠道湿重等性状在家系间和性别间均无显著差异(P>0.05),其中肠道湿重、壳体积和体重在群体内的变异系数相对较大。性腺指数在家系间和性别间均有极显著差异(P<0.01),性腺湿重在家系间差异显著(P<0.05),在性别间差异极显著(P<0.01),两者在群体中均具有较大的变异系数;性腺颜色介于黄色和橙红色之间,亮橙黄色差和亮黄色差在家系间具有显著差异(P<0.05),雌性海胆性腺颜色极显著优于雄性(P<0.01)。性腺中总蛋白和总氨基酸含量在家系间和性别间均具有极显著差异(P<0.01);性腺总脂中二十碳五烯酸EPA和花生四烯酸AA的含量分别为(5.42±4.05)%和(4.42±2.92)%,而二十二碳六烯酸DHA含量较低(0.94±0.86)%,但其在群体内变异极大(92.29%),并且在家系间具有极显著差异(P<0.01)。综合各性状在家系间的多重比较结果,性腺指数较高的家系为SIF2-16、SIF2-10、SIF2-7。而壳径最大的家系为SIF2-9、SIF2-21、SIF2-3;活体重最大的家系为SIF2-9、SIF2-20、SIF2-21。研究规范了海胆性状测量,为评估所构建的虾夷马粪海胆家系的选育潜力,开展下一步家系选择育种提供参考。113 sea urchins Strongylocentrotus intermedius were randomly chosen from 25 families and the test height,test diameter,body weight,test volume,test weight,test dry weight,gut wet weight,Aristotle ’ s lantern height,Aristotle ’ s lantern diameter,Aristotle ’ s lantern weight,gonad wet weight,gonad index,gonad moisture,total glucose content,total protein content,total amino acid content and fatty acid composition were measured and then analyzed.The results showed that the character of test,Aristotle ’ s lantern and gut had no significant difference among families and between genders.Gut wet weight,test volume and body weight had high variation in the population.Gonad index was highly significantly different among families,and also between genders;and gonad wet weight was significant different among families,and highly significantly different between genders,both them had high variation in the population.The gonad color lies between bright yellow and bright orange red.△E 1（light orange-yellow color difference） and △E 2（light yellow color difference） were both significantly different among families.Gonad color of female sea urchins was significantly better than male.The total protain and amino acid content had very significant difference.EPA and AA content in the gonad total lipid was（5.42±4.05）% and（4.42±2.92）%.DHA was a little lower（0.94±0.86）%,but with high variation（92.99%） and highly significant difference among families.Duncan Multiple Comparison showed that,the families that have better gonad trait were SIF2-16,SIF2-10,SIF2-7.The test diameter sorted from superior to inferior was family SIF2-9,SIF2-21,SIF2-3.The sort list of body weight was SIF2-9,SIF2-20,SIF2-21.

关 键 词：虾夷马粪海胆 家系 性别 性腺性状 

分 类 号：S968.9[农业科学—水产养殖]