结实前水分供应对寒地水稻灌浆动态和产量的影响  

Effects of Water Supply During Stage of Before-heading on Filling Dynamics and Yield of Rice in Cold Regions

作　　者：郭晓红[1] 郑桂萍[1] 殷大伟[2] 牛岩 于晓羽 李晓蕾[1] 钱海霞[1] 魏长凯[1] 蔡永盛[1] 吕艳东[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]沈阳农业大学水稻研究所,辽宁沈阳110161 [3]黑龙江省856农场,黑龙江鸡西158418

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2012年第4期86-91,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：黑龙江省科技攻关重点项目"黑龙江省水稻大面积均衡优质高产栽培综合配套技术体系研究"(GA10B102);黑龙江省科技攻关项目(GA09B102-4);黑龙江省省长基金项目(2009HSJ-A-2);黑龙江八一农垦大学博士启动基金项目(B2010-5)

摘　　要：以垦鉴稻5号为材料,采用负压式土壤湿度计监测土壤水势,通过防雨棚内的盆栽控水试验研究了结实前水分供应对寒地水稻灌浆动态和产量影响。研究结果表明,结实前进行-8～-10kPa的间歇控水处理,垦鉴稻5号的经济产量增加;垦鉴稻5号优、劣势粒的平均生长速率(■)和最大生长速率(Gmax)值升高,中势粒表现则相反;垦鉴稻5号优、中势粒相当于生长终值百分数的I值升高,劣势粒表现则相反;垦鉴稻5号优势粒的活跃生长期D缩短,中、劣势粒的相反;垦鉴稻5号各粒位生长速率最大时的生长量(WmaxG)值增大。结实前进行-18～-20kPa和-28～-30kPa的持续控水处理,垦鉴稻5号的经济产量均极显著降低;垦鉴稻5号优势粒的■和Gmax值降低,中势粒、劣的相反;垦鉴稻5号各粒位的I值升高、活跃生长期D缩短、Wmax.G值增大。With Kenjian 5 Rice as experimental materials, the effects of water supply during the stage of before-head- ing on filling dynamics and yield of rice in cold regions were studied with pots under rainproof shelter. Water dynam- ics in the pots were monitored by examining soil water potential（SWP） using negative pressure soil moisture tensi- ometers. The results indicate that intermittent irrigation at SWP between --8^--10 kPa increased economic yield of Kenjian 5 Rice significantly, along with increases of average growth rate（G） and maximum growth rate（Gmax） of the superior grains and inferior grains and decreases of G and Gmax of the middle grains. The in- dex I values of superior grains and middle grains were improved, despite those of the middle grains. The growing active days（D） were shortened for the superior grains, while elongated for the inferior grains and middle grains. The weight per 1 000 grains（W-~axa） was increased for all the three grades of the rice grains. On the contrary, with unremitting irrigation at SWP between --18^--20 kPa and--28^--30 kPa during the stage of before-heading, economic yield of Kenjiandao 5 were significantly reduced, indicating by increased and Gmax values for the superior grains and decreased G and Gmax values for the middle grains and inferior grains, and raised I values, shortened D and increased W a for the grains of all the three grades.

关 键 词：水分供应 寒地水稻 灌浆动态 产量 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S511.06[农业科学—农艺学]