河龙区间水土保持工程与耕作措施减沙量计算  

Reduction in Sediment Yield by Engineering Control and Tillage Measures of Soil and Water Conservation in Hekouzhen-Longmen Region

作　　者：曹炜[1,2] 高云飞[2] 李智广[3] 杨胜天[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]黄河水土保持生态环境监测中心,陕西西安710021 [3]水利部水土保持监测中心,北京100053 [4]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2012年第4期130-133,317,共4页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中华人民共和国国务院第一次全国水利普查项目

摘　　要：为解决区域上工程、耕作措施减沙量的计算问题,以河龙区间(河口镇—龙门)为研究区,按1%密度布设野外调查单元。以野外调查单元地块的耕作措施状况和已有研究成果为基础,计算了野外调查单元潜在土壤侵蚀量A′与土壤侵蚀量A。以A/A′作为布设野外调查单元网格的耕作措施因子值,获得区域耕作措施因子图层,进而进行土壤侵蚀量和减沙量计算。计算结果在水土流失面积、强度分布上与已有成果基本一致,全区土壤侵蚀模数为4 004t/(km2.a),产沙量为4.54×108 t/a。耕作措施总减沙量为8.00×107 t/a,主要集中在中部的佳县、临县、神木县等黄土丘陵沟壑区。Chosen Hekouzhen Longmen region as research area, the study focused on the calculation of re- gional sediment reduction by engineering control and tillage measures（E, T）. Approximately 1% of the total area was surveyed in grids to obtain detailed information regarding engineering controls and tillage. Com- bined with existing research findings, the potential and actual amount of soil erosion modulus（Arand A, re- spectively） were calculated for the surveyed blocks of land. Using A/A~ as the value of grid where field sur- vey was conducted, regional factors E and T were then obtained as the basis to estimate sediment yield and reduction in sediment yield by engineering projects and tillage practices. The results show that the total area of the eroded land and the spatial distribution of the soil erosion intensity were consistent with the existing research results. The regional soil erosion modulus was estimated as high as 4 004 t/（km2 ·a） and total sedi- ment yield of the study area reached 4.54 X 108 t/a. Engineering projects and tillage practices possibly con- tributed reduction of 8.00 X 107 t/a to the total sediment yield. The eroded land concentrated in the middle area of the loess hilly and gully region, including counties of Jiaxian, Linxian, and Shenmu, etc.

关 键 词：河龙区间 野外调查单元 工程措施 耕作措施 减沙 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]