野生大麦的抗旱性及其在大麦遗传改良中的应用  

Drought Resistance in Wild Barley and Its Application on Barley Genetic Improvemt

作　　者：杨蕾[1] 姜格格[1] 束永俊[1] 刘贺亮[1] 赵迪[1] 郭长虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院/黑龙江省分子细胞遗传与遗传育种重点实验室,哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2012年第24期118-121,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：科技部国际科技合作项目"小麦-偃麦草及小麦-黑麦染色体变异的高效诱导及其在小麦改良中的利用"(2009DFA32470);"973"前期研究专项"小麦杀配子染色体的表观遗传调控机制研究"(2011CB111505);黑龙江省高校科技创新团队研究计划(2010TD10);哈尔滨师范大学科技创新团队研究计划(KJTD-2011-2)

摘　　要：干旱是主要的非生物胁迫性灾害,极大地威胁到全球的粮食供应,是影响农业生产的最重要因素之一。因此,培育抗旱性植物是解决干旱危害和粮食危机的根本途径。野生大麦已经适应广泛的干旱环境并具有丰富的遗传多样性,它们的抗旱基因与抗旱相关数量性状位点(QTLs)已经确定,对改良大麦抗旱性有巨大的潜力。综述了野生大麦的抗旱性及其在大麦改良中的应用,并对大麦抗旱育种中存在的问题以及今后发展方向进行了展望。Drought is the major abiotic stress that dramatically threats the food supply in the world, it＇s one of the most severe agricultural problems affecting plant growth and crop yield, therefore, the fundamental way to address drought damage and the food crisis are creating drought-resistant plants. Hordeum spontaneum have adapted to a broad range of environments and developed rich genetic diversities for drought tolerances. Drought-tolerant genes and quantitative trait loci （QTLs） have been identified in H. spontaneum and have great potential in barley improvement. In this paper, the study on H. spontaneum and its application on barley improvement were reviewed, and the problems of drought resistant breeding and its development direction were analyzed.

关 键 词：野生大麦 大麦 干旱胁迫 遗传改良 

分 类 号：Q37[生物学—遗传学]