不同施肥处理对新成片麻岩土壤谷子生长及土层硝态氮的影响  

Effect of Different Fertilizer Rate on the Growth of Millet and Nitrate Nitrogen in the Gneiss Entisols

作　　者：赵斌[1] 张瑞芳[2] 李向文[2] 周大迈[2] 王红[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学河北省生物无机化学重点实验室,河北保定071001 [2]河北农业大学山区研究所/国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心,河北保定071001

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2012年第24期142-147,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(C2009000565)

摘　　要：为了探明片麻岩新成土中土壤硝态氮时空分布规律,通过田间肥效试验,研究在不同施氮水平下配施磷和有机肥对土壤中硝态氮含量的影响。结果表明,施肥可以显著提高作物产量。氮磷配施作物产量显著高于单施氮肥和有机肥,各处理不同施氮水平作物产量差异不显著。苗期各剖面土壤硝态氮含量随着施氮量的增加而增大。拔节期随着土层深度的增加硝态氮含量先增加(0～60cm)后降低(60～80cm)。抽穗灌浆期单施氮肥,总体上随着施氮量的增加硝态氮含量升高,且各剖面的硝态氮含量高于其他2个处理。收获期土壤中各剖面硝态氮含量呈现单施氮肥>氮磷配施>配施有机肥的趋势。土壤中各剖面的硝态氮含量总体上苗期>拔节期>抽穗灌浆期>收获期,随着谷子生育期需氮量和降雨量的变化而逐渐减少。In order to prove nitrate nitrogen temporal and spatial distribution in the gneiss entisols, field experiments of fertilizer were conducted to study the effects of phosphate fertilizer and organic manure on nitrate nitrogen content under the different of N fertilizer. The results showed that, fertilization could significantly increase crop yield. The yield of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization was significantly higher than that of single nitrogen and organic manure fertilizer; the crop yield had not significant difference under the different levels of nitrogen. In seeding, the content of soil nitrate improved as nitrogen application increased. In jointing, with the depth increased, the content of soil nitrate improved in 0-60 cm soil profile and reduced in 60-80 cm. The content of soil nitrate improved with nitrogen application increased, and the content was higher than others in each soil layers during heading and filling stage. The content of soil nitrate was single nitrogen 〉 nitrogen and phosphorus 〉 organic fertilizer in harvesting. The nitrate content was seedling 〉 jointing 〉 heading and filling 〉 harvesting in different soil layers, and gradually reduced with the change of nitrogen demanding and rainfall among the whole growth stage.

关 键 词：肥料 片麻岩 硝态氮 谷子 

分 类 号：S155[农业科学—土壤学] S515[农业科学—农业基础科学]