金属铋在真空蒸发过程中临界压强的研究  

Studies on the Critical Pressure of Bismuth in the Vacumm Distillation Process

作　　者：陈雯[1] 胡翠[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《有色矿冶》2000年第3期25-29,共5页Non-Ferrous Mining and Metallurgy

摘　　要：本文通过对铋在不同温度 ( 973～ 1 2 73K)和残压 ( 1 0 1 3× 1 0 5～ 1 33× 1 0 - 1 Pa)条件下蒸发速率的测定 ,证实了金属铋在蒸发过程中存在着临界压强。当系统残压小于铋的临界压强时 ,出现压强继续降低不再提高铋的蒸发速率的情况 ,进而得出铋的临界压强与温度之间的关系 ,用回归方程描述 :logPc =7 0 930 - 6 5338× 1 0 3T 。当系统残压大于临界压强时 ,铋的蒸发由扩散过程控制 ;当系统残压小于临界压强时 ,铋的蒸发由热迁移过程控制。同时研究了铋的冷凝系数与温度的关系及其活化能。The distillation rate of bismuth has been studied at different temperatures 973～1 273 K and the residual pressure 1 0131×10 5 to 1 33×10 -1 Pa.The results showed that the critical pressure exists in the process of bismuth distillation.When the system residual pressure is less than the critical pressure,the distillation rate does not increase.When the system residual pressure is less than the critical pressure,the distillation rate does not increase.Moreover,the relation between the critical pressure of bismuth and temperature is as follows: log p c=7 093-6 5388×10 3Tthe distillation process is controlled by diffustion when the system residual pressure is greater than the cretical pressure;the distillation is controlled by thermomigration when the system residual pressure is less than the critical pressure.The relation between bismuth condensing coefficient and temperature and its activation energy are also studied.

关 键 词：金属铋 真空蒸发 临界压强 炼铋 

分 类 号：TF817.04[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]