抗虫陆地棉配合力与杂种优势分析  

Analysis on the heterosis and combining ability of upland cotton with Bt resistance

作　　者：商连光[1] 闫勇[1,2] 肖荧南[2] 王玉美[3] 华金平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [2]中国农业大学曲周实验站,河北曲周057250 [3]湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,武汉430064

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2012年第4期1-8,共8页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-06-0106);国家重大专项(2009ZX08013-008B;2009AA101104)

摘　　要：采用不同来源的常规棉、抗虫棉,按照4×7的NCⅡ设计组配不完全双列杂交得到28个杂交组合,通过2年重复试验,分析F1、F2产量和纤维品质的杂种优势和配合力。结果表明:产量和品质性状广义遗传力和狭义遗传力大多比较低,但衣分的广义遗传力可达92.16%;狭义遗传力大于54.64%的性状为衣分、衣指、断裂比强度和籽指,部分性状的F2狭义遗传力高于F1代。供试组合F1和F2的中亲优势和高亲优势主要表现在产量上;所研究的性状中,F1以皮棉产量竞争优势、中亲优势和超亲优势最高,平均值分别为11.31%、34.17%和13.33%;组合P4/P7(鄂抗棉12/5H303)的皮棉产量比竞争对照邯284增产27.4%。F2杂种优势依然部分存在,但大多性状比F1优势都有衰退。F1籽棉和皮棉产量较优的特殊配合力组合为P4/P7(鄂抗棉12/5H303)、F2籽棉和皮棉产量较优的特殊配合力组合为P4/P10(鄂抗棉12/5H335)、P1/P11(611/5H336)。产量性状一般配合力好的抗虫棉亲本是P8(5H309)、P5(5H181);品质性状一般配合力好的亲本是P1(611),P2(05-5317)和P4(鄂抗棉12)。优选亲本配组可以指导抗虫杂交棉的选育,获得具竞争优势的抗虫杂交棉品种。Hybrid breeding has great significance in cotton genetic improvement as well as that in other crops. Eleven stocks from areas of Yangtze River and Yellow River,with Bt resistance or not,were divided into two groups of 4 or 7 respectively,and made crosses according to NC Ⅱ design of the incomplete diallel cross （4 × 7） to analysis the heterosis and combining ability of hybrid of upland cotton based on the evaluation in two years. The results show that both broad sense heritability and narrow sense heritability were relatively Iow; but the narrow heritability of lint percentage,lint index,fiber strength and seed index was over 54.64% ,and the broad heritability of lint percentage was even reached to 92. 16%. The narrow heritability of F2 for some traits was higher than that of F1. The heterosis was checked in F1 and F2 generations. The heterosis of lint yield in F1 was with an average of 11.31%,34. 17% and 13.33% over competitive control, the mid-parent and high-parent, respectively. The lint yield of a cross of P4/P7 （EZAMIAN 12/5H3O3） showed 27. 4% higher than a local commercial variety Han284. The depression showed in crosses of F2 generation while the heterosis remained in some crosses in F2 generation. The cross P4/P7（EZAMIAN 12/ 5H303） showed the highest specific combining ability （SCA） of yield in the crosses of F1 generation,while the crossesP4/P10 （EZAMIAN 12/5H335）, P1/P11 （611/5H336） showed the highest SCA in the crosses of F2 generation. The parent with best general combining ability （GCA） were P8 （5H309） and P5 （5H181） in yield and P1 （611）, P2 （05- 5317） ,P4 （EZAMIAN 12）. So it is possible to bred commercial hybrid with Bt-resistance of upland cotton by using stocks from different regions.

关 键 词：陆地棉 抗虫性 杂种优势 配合力 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]