胡杨年轮对非确定性输水的响应特征——以塔里木河下游喀尔达依断面为例  

Response Characteristics of Tree - ring of Populous euphratica to Uncertain Water Transferring——A Case Study in Kaerdayi Section of Tarim River

作　　者：董道瑞[1] 李霞[1] 万红梅[1] 林海军[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2012年第9期1688-1694,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40961027;30460010);新疆草地资源与生态实验室

摘　　要：【目的】确定塔里木河下游胡杨一级枝年轮与材积生长对非确定性输水的响应特征。【方法】垂直河道,在不同离河距离,采集胡杨一级枝年轮样本,绘制年轮宽度及材积生长量曲线,根据曲线形状,对不同地下水埋深条件下的响应特征进行分析。【结果】(1)2000年输水后,胡杨年轮生长量于2004年达峰值,2008年起,输水前后胡杨年轮宽度生长量差异不显著。(2)输水后胡杨一级枝材积生长量明显高于输水前,2008年达峰值,输水后各年、不同离河距离,材积生长量与输水前的均有显著差异。(3)输水后,河畔地下水埋深迅速抬升,2002年达峰值,随后逐年缓慢下降,胡杨材积生长量与地下水埋深变化相对应,呈"增-减-略增"型。【结论】胡杨年轮宽度生长量可以测度对输水的响应时间及范围,而胡杨材积生长量可测度对输水的响应程度及持续性,地下水埋深变化是决定胡杨材积生长量大小的关键因素。[ Objective ] The purpose of this study is to grasp the response characteristic of branch and volume increment of Populus euphratica, which responds to uncertain water supply in the lower reaches of Tarim River. [ Method ] This experiment was done by setting 60 m x 60 m transect plots at different distance from the channel, and collecting the tree - ring samples of branches, and then drawing its width and volume increment curves. After that, the response characteristic of tree - ring in the different water conditions based on the curves was analyzed. [ Result] （ 1 ） After the water transferring from the year 2000, the growth of tree - ring reached maximum in the year 2004. Since 2008, the differences of branch growth of Populus euphratica were not significant before and after the water supply. （2） The volume increment after the water supply was higher than that before it, and the volumes were significantly different among the different distances to river in each time quantum. （3） After the water supply, the groundwater level firstly quickly increased, and thendecreased gradually. The growth of volume was well corresponded to the changes of groundwater, and showed a type of increase - decrease - slight increase curve. [ Conclusion ] The branch diameter of Populus euphratica demonstrated the response time and scope of branch diameter, while the volume increment can explain the response extent and persistence to the uncertain water transferring, the changes of ground water depth is the key factor to volume increment of Populus euphratica.

关 键 词：胡杨 年轮生长量 材积生长量 地下水埋深 塔里木河下游 

分 类 号：S792.11[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S715[农业科学—林学]